Eun-Hye Moon1, Yong Hwan Kim2,3, Phuong-Nhung Vu1, Hyunjin Yoo4, Kwonho Hong4, Young Jae Lee5,6, S Paul Oh7,8. 1. Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Room CG-20B, Gainesville, FL, USA. 3. Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA. 4. Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea. 5. Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea. leeyj@gachon.ac.kr. 6. Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea. leeyj@gachon.ac.kr. 7. Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Room CG-20B, Gainesville, FL, USA. ohp@barrowneuro.org. 8. Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Aneurysm and AVM Research Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA. ohp@barrowneuro.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: TMEM100 is identified as a downstream gene of bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) signaling via activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1), which is known to participate in lymphangiogenesis as well as angiogenesis. TMEM100 has been shown to be important for blood vessel formation and maintenance, but its role in the development of lymphatic vasculature remains unknown. The objective is to investigate the role of TMEM100 in development of the lymphatic system. METHODS AND RESULTS: Global Tmem100 gene deletion was induced by tamoxifen on 10.5 days post-coitus. Tmem100-inducible knockout (iKO) embryos in embryonic days (E)14.5-16.5 exhibited edema and blood-filled enlarged lymphatics with misconnections between veins and lymphatic vessels. For a reciprocal approach, we have generated a novel mouse line in which TMEM100 overexpression (OE) can be induced in endothelial cells by intercrossing with Tie2-Cre driver. TMEM100-OE embryos at E12.5-14.5 exhibited edema with small size and number of lymphatic vessels, the exact opposite phenotypes of Tmem100-iKOs. In Tmem100-iKO embryos, the number of progenitors of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in the cardinal vein was increased, while it was decreased in TMEM100-OE embryos. The activity of NOTCH signaling, which limits the number of progenitors of LECs in the cardinal vein, was decreased in Tmem100-iKO embryos, whereas it was increased in TMEM100-OE embryos. CONCLUSION: TMEM100 plays an important role in the specification of LECs in the cardinal veins, at least in part, by regulating the NOTCH signaling.
BACKGROUND:TMEM100 is identified as a downstream gene of bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) signaling via activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK1), which is known to participate in lymphangiogenesis as well as angiogenesis. TMEM100 has been shown to be important for blood vessel formation and maintenance, but its role in the development of lymphatic vasculature remains unknown. The objective is to investigate the role of TMEM100 in development of the lymphatic system. METHODS AND RESULTS: Global Tmem100 gene deletion was induced by tamoxifen on 10.5 days post-coitus. Tmem100-inducible knockout (iKO) embryos in embryonic days (E)14.5-16.5 exhibited edema and blood-filled enlarged lymphatics with misconnections between veins and lymphatic vessels. For a reciprocal approach, we have generated a novel mouse line in which TMEM100 overexpression (OE) can be induced in endothelial cells by intercrossing with Tie2-Cre driver. TMEM100-OE embryos at E12.5-14.5 exhibited edema with small size and number of lymphatic vessels, the exact opposite phenotypes of Tmem100-iKOs. In Tmem100-iKO embryos, the number of progenitors of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in the cardinal vein was increased, while it was decreased in TMEM100-OE embryos. The activity of NOTCH signaling, which limits the number of progenitors of LECs in the cardinal vein, was decreased in Tmem100-iKO embryos, whereas it was increased in TMEM100-OE embryos. CONCLUSION:TMEM100 plays an important role in the specification of LECs in the cardinal veins, at least in part, by regulating the NOTCH signaling.
Authors: Ljuba C Ponomarev; Jakub Ksiazkiewicz; Michael W Staring; Aernout Luttun; An Zwijsen Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2021-06-14 Impact factor: 5.923