Shayan Mostafaei1, Mohsen Keshavarz2, Javid Sadri Nahand3, Roghaye Farhadi Hassankiadeh4, Mahdi Moradinazar5, Majid Nouri6, Farhad Babaei7, Mehrdad Ahadi8, Mehrdad Payandeh9, Adel Salari Esker10, Sarah Hajighadimi11, Hamed Mirzaei12, Mohsen Moghoofei13. 1. Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. 3. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4. Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 5. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 6. Golestan Hospital Research Center, Tehran, Iran. 7. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 8. Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 9. Cancer Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 10. Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. 11. Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada. 12. Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. Electronic address: h.mirzaei2002@gmail.com. 13. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Electronic address: Mohsen.moghoofei@kums.ac.ir.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The associations between viruses and the cancer have been conducted in several studies while there has been no systematic review and meta-analysis about the association between viral infections and thyroid cancer (TC). Therefore, we investigated the association between viral infection and TC risk. METHODS: Systematic search was done from 1994 to 2019 in Web of sciences (ISI), PubMed, and Scopus databases. Pooled logarithm of odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) and pooled prevalence of viral infections were calculated to find the association between the viral infections and TC risk and overall prevalence of the viral infections in TC. RESULTS: Twenty-three of 852 original articles were selected and included in the study. According to the results of the random effect meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of viral infections in the TC patients was 37 % (95 % C. I = 22 %-55 %). In addition, there was a significant association between viral infections (log (OR) = 1.51, 95 % credible interval = 0.68-2.39) and TC risk. The highest associations were observed between TC risk and Simian Vacuolating Virus 40 (SV40) and B19 infections, respectively. The lowest non-significant association was found between TC risk and Poliovirus type 1 infection. The significantly heterogeneity was observed between included studies (Q test: p-value<0.001; I2 = 73.82 %; τ2 = 1.08, 95 % Cr. I = 0.47-1.94). CONCLUSIONS: Results clearly demonstrated the potential pathogenetic association between viral infections and increased risk of TC.
OBJECTIVE: The associations between viruses and the cancer have been conducted in several studies while there has been no systematic review and meta-analysis about the association between viral infections and thyroid cancer (TC). Therefore, we investigated the association between viral infection and TC risk. METHODS: Systematic search was done from 1994 to 2019 in Web of sciences (ISI), PubMed, and Scopus databases. Pooled logarithm of odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) and pooled prevalence of viral infections were calculated to find the association between the viral infections and TC risk and overall prevalence of the viral infections in TC. RESULTS: Twenty-three of 852 original articles were selected and included in the study. According to the results of the random effect meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of viral infections in the TCpatients was 37 % (95 % C. I = 22 %-55 %). In addition, there was a significant association between viral infections (log (OR) = 1.51, 95 % credible interval = 0.68-2.39) and TC risk. The highest associations were observed between TC risk and Simian Vacuolating Virus 40 (SV40) and B19 infections, respectively. The lowest non-significant association was found between TC risk and Poliovirus type 1 infection. The significantly heterogeneity was observed between included studies (Q test: p-value<0.001; I2 = 73.82 %; τ2 = 1.08, 95 % Cr. I = 0.47-1.94). CONCLUSIONS: Results clearly demonstrated the potential pathogenetic association between viral infections and increased risk of TC.