Nesrin Helvaci Yilmaz1, Mevhibe Saricaoğlu2, Hale Yapici Eser3, Özge Arici Düz1, Burcu Polat1, Fahriye Feriha Özer4. 1. Department of Neurology, İstanbul Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey. 2. Department of Neuroscience, İstanbul Medipol University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Koç University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey. 4. Department of Neurology, Koç University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: To investigate the relationship between pain, freezing of gait (FOG) and falls in Parkinson's Disease (PD). METHODS: The study included 110 PD patients. The Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn and Yahr Scale were used to evaluate disease severity. The patients self-reported occurrence of FOG and falls, and the FOG Questionnaire was administered to evaluate the severity of FOG. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure the severity of pain and pain localization was self-reported by the patients. RESULTS: Fifty-eight of the patients had FOG and 43 experienced falls. Among the patients, 42 had no pain, whereas 35 had lower extremity pain. Higher UPDRS motor and FOG scores, and advanced-stage disease were noted in significantly more of the patients with FOG and falls. VAS scores were not affected by the presence of FOG or falls. There was a positive correlation between the severity of FOG and VAS score in the male patients (r=0.308; p=0.010). More patients with falls had lower extremity pain than those without falls (r=0.308; p=0.010). DISCUSSION: Patients with FOG and falls had more severe motor findings. Pain is correlated with both FOG and falls. Further investigations should be done to understand the mechanism of this relationship to prevent the motor complications in advanced PD. Copyright:
INTRODUCTION: To investigate the relationship between pain, freezing of gait (FOG) and falls in Parkinson's Disease (PD). METHODS: The study included 110 PD patients. The Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn and Yahr Scale were used to evaluate disease severity. The patients self-reported occurrence of FOG and falls, and the FOG Questionnaire was administered to evaluate the severity of FOG. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to measure the severity of pain and pain localization was self-reported by the patients. RESULTS: Fifty-eight of the patients had FOG and 43 experienced falls. Among the patients, 42 had no pain, whereas 35 had lower extremity pain. Higher UPDRS motor and FOG scores, and advanced-stage disease were noted in significantly more of the patients with FOG and falls. VAS scores were not affected by the presence of FOG or falls. There was a positive correlation between the severity of FOG and VAS score in the male patients (r=0.308; p=0.010). More patients with falls had lower extremity pain than those without falls (r=0.308; p=0.010). DISCUSSION: Patients with FOG and falls had more severe motor findings. Pain is correlated with both FOG and falls. Further investigations should be done to understand the mechanism of this relationship to prevent the motor complications in advanced PD. Copyright:
Authors: John G Nutt; Bastiaan R Bloem; Nir Giladi; Mark Hallett; Fay B Horak; Alice Nieuwboer Journal: Lancet Neurol Date: 2011-08 Impact factor: 44.182
Authors: Mayela Rodríguez-Violante; Alonso Alvarado-Bolaños; Amin Cervantes-Arriaga; Pablo Martinez-Martin; Alexandra Rizos; K Ray Chaudhuri Journal: Mov Disord Clin Pract Date: 2017-02-06