PURPOSE OF REVIEW: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that are considered one of the fundamental regulatory mechanisms of gene expression. They are involved in many biologic processes, such as signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis and stress responses. The purpose of this review is to present recent knowledge about the role of miRNAs in asthma and outline possible applications of miRNAs. RECENT FINDINGS: A core set of miRNAs involved in asthma includes downregulated let-7 family, miR-193b, miR-375 as well as upregulated miR-21, miR-223, miR-146a, miR-142-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-146b and miR-155. Recently it has been shown that most of the involved miRNAs increase secretion of Th2 cytokines, decrease secretion of Th1 cytokines, promote differentiation of T cells towards Th2 or play a role in hyperplasia and hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle cells. The profiles of miRNAs correlate with clinical characteristics, including lung function, phenotype and severity of asthma. SUMMARY: Recent publications confirmed crucial regulatory role of miRNAs in the pathomechanism of asthma. Some single miRNAs or their sets hold the promise for their use as asthma biomarkers facilitating diagnosis or prediction of treatment outcomes. They are also possible target of future therapies. The studies in this field are lacking though.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that are considered one of the fundamental regulatory mechanisms of gene expression. They are involved in many biologic processes, such as signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis and stress responses. The purpose of this review is to present recent knowledge about the role of miRNAs in asthma and outline possible applications of miRNAs. RECENT FINDINGS: A core set of miRNAs involved in asthma includes downregulated let-7 family, miR-193b, miR-375 as well as upregulated miR-21, miR-223, miR-146a, miR-142-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-146b and miR-155. Recently it has been shown that most of the involved miRNAs increase secretion of Th2 cytokines, decrease secretion of Th1 cytokines, promote differentiation of T cells towards Th2 or play a role in hyperplasia and hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle cells. The profiles of miRNAs correlate with clinical characteristics, including lung function, phenotype and severity of asthma. SUMMARY: Recent publications confirmed crucial regulatory role of miRNAs in the pathomechanism of asthma. Some single miRNAs or their sets hold the promise for their use as asthma biomarkers facilitating diagnosis or prediction of treatment outcomes. They are also possible target of future therapies. The studies in this field are lacking though.
Authors: Noor Ahmad Shaik; Khalidah Nasser; Arif Mohammed; Abdulrahman Mujalli; Ahmad A Obaid; Ashraf A El-Harouni; Ramu Elango; Babajan Banaganapalli Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-10-20 Impact factor: 3.752
Authors: Dawid Szczepankiewicz; Wojciech Langwiński; Paweł Kołodziejski; Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek; Maciej Sassek; Joanna Nowakowska; Agata Chmurzyńska; Krzysztof W Nowak; Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz Journal: Genes (Basel) Date: 2020-09-02 Impact factor: 4.096
Authors: José A Cañas; José M Rodrigo-Muñoz; Beatriz Sastre; Marta Gil-Martinez; Natalia Redondo; Victoria Del Pozo Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2021-01-08 Impact factor: 7.561