Waleed Abdellatif1, Jeffrey Ding2, Sabeena Jalal3, Tribesty Nguyen4, Dina Khorshed5, Frank J Rybicki6, Ismail Tawakol Ali7, Matthew D F McInnes8, Nadia A Khan9, Samad Shah10, Faisal Khosa1. 1. Radiology Department, University of British Columbia/Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada. 2. Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 3. Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada. 4. Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 5. Ministry of Health Technical Office, Zagazig, Egypt. 6. Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada. 7. Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada. 8. Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada. 9. Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Sciences, Vancouver, Canada. 10. Department of Clinical Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Abstract
Background: Gender distribution within the managing bodies of the Canadian health authorities has not been studied despite their integral role in the health care system. The purpose of this study is to quantify gender differences and to craft a geographic gender analysis of such distribution. Methods: Retrospective data collection of all Canadian health authorities at the provincial, territorial, regional, and first nations levels was conducted. The dependent variable was gender, and other covariates, where applicable, included province/territory, region, leadership position, education (PhD or Master's), honorary degree, and primary occupation. Any member within the executive managing body or board of directors of a Canadian health authority was included, unless their gender could not be determined, in which case they were excluded. Results: Quantitative analysis of the 67 health authorities revealed 1346 individuals with identifiable gender (710 women; 636 men). Thematic distribution showed no significant difference in the gender distribution by provinces/territories (chi square = 14.248; p = 0.28), by leadership position (chi square = 1.88; p = 0.75), by education (chi square = 1.85; p = 0.17), or by primary occupation (chi square = 1.53; p = 0.46). Conclusion: The overall number of females exceeded that of males and there were no gender disparities. Critical analysis of probable causes was discussed. Further studies should be conducted to examine the policies and programs within the Canadian health authorities that successfully tackle the retention, recruitment, and promotion of females.
Background: Gender distribution within the managing bodies of the Canadian health authorities has not been studied despite their integral role in the health care system. The purpose of this study is to quantify gender differences and to craft a geographic gender analysis of such distribution. Methods: Retrospective data collection of all Canadian health authorities at the provincial, territorial, regional, and first nations levels was conducted. The dependent variable was gender, and other covariates, where applicable, included province/territory, region, leadership position, education (PhD or Master's), honorary degree, and primary occupation. Any member within the executive managing body or board of directors of a Canadian health authority was included, unless their gender could not be determined, in which case they were excluded. Results: Quantitative analysis of the 67 health authorities revealed 1346 individuals with identifiable gender (710 women; 636 men). Thematic distribution showed no significant difference in the gender distribution by provinces/territories (chi square = 14.248; p = 0.28), by leadership position (chi square = 1.88; p = 0.75), by education (chi square = 1.85; p = 0.17), or by primary occupation (chi square = 1.53; p = 0.46). Conclusion: The overall number of females exceeded that of males and there were no gender disparities. Critical analysis of probable causes was discussed. Further studies should be conducted to examine the policies and programs within the Canadian health authorities that successfully tackle the retention, recruitment, and promotion of females.
Authors: Ahmed A Khalifa; Ahmed S El-Hawary; Ahmed E Sadek; Esraa M Ahmed; Ahmed M Ahmed; Mohamed A Haridy Journal: J Taibah Univ Med Sci Date: 2021-01-11
Authors: Stephen X Zhang; Hao Huang; Jizhen Li; Mayra Antonelli-Ponti; Scheila Farias de Paiva; José Aparecido da Silva Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-06-30 Impact factor: 3.390