Karen M Davison1, Yu Lung2, Shen Lamson Lin3, Hongmei Tong4, Karen M Kobayashi5, Esme Fuller-Thomson6. 1. Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Canada; University of Hawai'i, USA. Electronic address: karen.davison@kpu.ca. 2. Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada. Electronic address: yu.lung@mail.utoronto.ca. 3. Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada. Electronic address: lamsonlin.lin@mail.utoronto.ca. 4. MacEwan University, Canada. Electronic address: tongh8@macewan.ca. 5. University of Victoria, Canada. Electronic address: kmkobay@uvic.ca. 6. Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada; Department of Family & Community Medicine and Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: esme.fuller.thomson@utoronto.ca.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Psychological distress increases mortality risk; there is little knowledge about its prevelance and contributory factors in older populations. METHODS: Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging baseline data (2010-2015) were analyzed to examine the relationship between Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale-K10 and immigrant status (recent/mid-term,<20 years; long-term, ≥20 years; Canadian-born). Covariates included socioeconomic and health-related variables. Stratified by sex, two series of multinomial logistic regression were used to calculate the likelihood of having mild distress (20 < K10 score ≤24) and moderate/severe distress (K10 score >24). RESULTS: Respondents (n = 25,700) were mainly Canadian-born (82.8%), 45-65 years (59.3%), earning <C$100,000/year (58.2%), and had a post-secondary education (78.4%). For women, psychological distress was associated with being a recent/mid-term immigrant(OR=1.76, 99% CI 1.09-2.83), marital status (widowed/divorced/separated, OR=1.62, 99% CI 1.19-2.20), lower education level (<secondary school; OR = 1.95, 99% CI 1.32-2.88), lower intake of fruit and vegetable (≤ 2/day; OR=1.50, 99% CI 1.05-2.14), higher waist-to-height ratio (>cut-off; OR=1.32, 99% CI 1.02-1.70), and higher nutritional risk (ORs = 2.16-3.31, p's <0.001). For men, psychological distress was associated with under-nutrition (grip strength<cut-off, OR=1.57, 99% CI 1.14-2.16). For men and women, psychological distress was associated with age (>56 years, ORs=0.19-0.79, p's<0.01), lower income (≤C$149,000, ORs = 1.68-7.79, p's<0.01), multi-morbidities (ORs = 1.67-4.70, p's<0.01), chronic pain (ORs = 1.67-3.09, p's<0.001) and higher intake of chocolate (≥ 0.6 bar/week, ORs=1.61-2.23, p's<0.001). LIMITATIONS: Cross-sectional design prohibits causal inferences. CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional factors, immigration status, social, and health-related problems are strongly associated with psychological distress among midlife and older adults.
BACKGROUND: Psychological distress increases mortality risk; there is little knowledge about its prevelance and contributory factors in older populations. METHODS: Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging baseline data (2010-2015) were analyzed to examine the relationship between Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale-K10 and immigrant status (recent/mid-term,<20 years; long-term, ≥20 years; Canadian-born). Covariates included socioeconomic and health-related variables. Stratified by sex, two series of multinomial logistic regression were used to calculate the likelihood of having mild distress (20 < K10 score ≤24) and moderate/severe distress (K10 score >24). RESULTS: Respondents (n = 25,700) were mainly Canadian-born (82.8%), 45-65 years (59.3%), earning <C$100,000/year (58.2%), and had a post-secondary education (78.4%). For women, psychological distress was associated with being a recent/mid-term immigrant(OR=1.76, 99% CI 1.09-2.83), marital status (widowed/divorced/separated, OR=1.62, 99% CI 1.19-2.20), lower education level (<secondary school; OR = 1.95, 99% CI 1.32-2.88), lower intake of fruit and vegetable (≤ 2/day; OR=1.50, 99% CI 1.05-2.14), higher waist-to-height ratio (>cut-off; OR=1.32, 99% CI 1.02-1.70), and higher nutritional risk (ORs = 2.16-3.31, p's <0.001). For men, psychological distress was associated with under-nutrition (grip strength<cut-off, OR=1.57, 99% CI 1.14-2.16). For men and women, psychological distress was associated with age (>56 years, ORs=0.19-0.79, p's<0.01), lower income (≤C$149,000, ORs = 1.68-7.79, p's<0.01), multi-morbidities (ORs = 1.67-4.70, p's<0.01), chronic pain (ORs = 1.67-3.09, p's<0.001) and higher intake of chocolate (≥ 0.6 bar/week, ORs=1.61-2.23, p's<0.001). LIMITATIONS: Cross-sectional design prohibits causal inferences. CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional factors, immigration status, social, and health-related problems are strongly associated with psychological distress among midlife and older adults.
Authors: Rea Alonzo; Kelly K Anderson; Rebecca Rodrigues; Neil Klar; Paolo Chiodini; Manuel Montero-Odasso; Saverio Stranges Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-08-16 Impact factor: 4.614