Ahmet Barış Durukan1, Esin Akbay2, Ahmet Ünlü1, Ayşe Özdemir3, Mehmet Ali Onur Onur2. 1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Park Uşak Hospital, Uşak, Turkey. 2. Department of Biology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey. 3. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Uşak University Faculty of Medicine, Uşak, Turkey.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the cytotoxic effects and apoptotic potential of N-butyl cyanoacrylate and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate used in surgical treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. METHODS: N-butyl cyanoacrylate and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate were cultured in cell-culture using human umbilical endothelial cell-line. Cytotoxicity and viability were assessed at 24 and 72 hours with lactate dehydrogenase and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, respectively. Apoptotic potential was documented at 24 and 72 hours with relative caspase-3 activity. RESULTS: The mean cytotoxicity at 24 and 72 hours were: N-butyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 37.0±3.9%/29.3±2.7% and 46.4±1.6%/45.1±7.1%, 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 39.0±7.0%/37.3±4.6% and 47.0±2.3%/40.7±7.5%. Cytotoxicity increased by time in each group (p<0.05). The mean viability at 24 and 72 hours were: N-butyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 53.4±7.7%/72.0±5.7% and 35.7±1.9%/37.8±3.7%, 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 54.3±4.4%/73.5±19.9% and 33.6±2.8%/30.7±4.5%. The mean viability decreased by time in each group (p<0.05). The mean relative caspase-3 activity at 24 and 72 hours were: control group: 0.084±0.006 and 0.065±0.002, N-butyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 0.940±0.037/0.924±0.053 and 0.999±0.072/1.056±0.015, 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 0.900±0.044/0.928±0.018 and 0.989±0.084/0.999±0.072. The mean relative caspase-3 activity was higher than control group in each group at each time interval (p<0.05) and activity increased by time in N-butyl cyanoacrylate line and in 2-octyl cyanoacrylate line groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that N-butyl cyanoacrylate and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate cause cytotoxicity in cell-culture media. We may also postulate that they induce apoptosis in cell-culture media.
BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the cytotoxic effects and apoptotic potential of N-butyl cyanoacrylate and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate used in surgical treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. METHODS: N-butyl cyanoacrylate and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate were cultured in cell-culture using human umbilical endothelial cell-line. Cytotoxicity and viability were assessed at 24 and 72 hours with lactate dehydrogenase and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, respectively. Apoptotic potential was documented at 24 and 72 hours with relative caspase-3 activity. RESULTS: The mean cytotoxicity at 24 and 72 hours were: N-butyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 37.0±3.9%/29.3±2.7% and 46.4±1.6%/45.1±7.1%, 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 39.0±7.0%/37.3±4.6% and 47.0±2.3%/40.7±7.5%. Cytotoxicity increased by time in each group (p<0.05). The mean viability at 24 and 72 hours were: N-butyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 53.4±7.7%/72.0±5.7% and 35.7±1.9%/37.8±3.7%, 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 54.3±4.4%/73.5±19.9% and 33.6±2.8%/30.7±4.5%. The mean viability decreased by time in each group (p<0.05). The mean relative caspase-3 activity at 24 and 72 hours were: control group: 0.084±0.006 and 0.065±0.002, N-butyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 0.940±0.037/0.924±0.053 and 0.999±0.072/1.056±0.015, 2-octyl cyanoacrylate with an area of dot/line: 0.900±0.044/0.928±0.018 and 0.989±0.084/0.999±0.072. The mean relative caspase-3 activity was higher than control group in each group at each time interval (p<0.05) and activity increased by time in N-butyl cyanoacrylate line and in 2-octyl cyanoacrylate line groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that N-butyl cyanoacrylate and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate cause cytotoxicity in cell-culture media. We may also postulate that they induce apoptosis in cell-culture media.
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