Paige Lund1, Caitlyn Moir2, Lisa Kristalovich3, W Ben Mortenson4. 1. Paige Lund, BSc, MOT, is Occupational Therapist, Family Resource Association, Parksville, British Columbia, Canada. 2. Caitlyn Moir, BA, MOT, is Occupational Therapist, Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 3. Lisa Kristalovich, BMR (OT), MRSc, is Clinical Faculty, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, and Occupational Therapist, Vancouver Coastal Health Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 4. W. Ben Mortenson, BScOT, MSc, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Principal Investigator, Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute (VCHRI), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Principal Investigator, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, VCHRI, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; ben.mortenson@ubc.ca.
Abstract
IMPORTANCE: The ScanCourse is used by occupational therapists to evaluate visual scanning ability during locomotion. Its measurement properties have not been examined. OBJECTIVE: To assess the interrater reliability, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of the ScanCourse. DESIGN: This study involved data collection at two time points. To assess test-retest reliability, the ScanCourse was administered twice within a 2-week period. To assess interrater reliability, a second rater was present for one session. To assess level of agreement, a Bland-Altman plot was created. To assess absolute reliability, the standard error of measurement was calculated. To evaluate construct validity, the results of the ScanCourse were compared with results of the Bells Test and Trail Making Test A and B. SETTING: Rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-one patients with neurological impairments. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The ScanCourse (participants identify numbered cards placed on both sides of a hallway at various heights during locomotion). RESULTS: The ScanCourse was found to have excellent interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] [1,1] = .998; 95% confidence interval [CI] [.996-.999]), test-retest reliability (ICC [1,1] = .912; 95% CI [.811-.959]), a high level of agreement, and a low standard error of measurement (.503), and it was found to be significantly correlated with Trails A (rs = -.436, p = .009) and B (rs = -.364, p = .029). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The assessment was found to have strong measurement properties, and it is therefore an appropriate tool for assessing dual-task visual scanning among those with neurological impairments. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS: This research demonstrates that the ScanCourse is reliable between raters and over time and that scores on the measure vary as anticipated with scores on a related measure, which provides evidence of its validity. These findings support its use in practice.
IMPORTANCE: The ScanCourse is used by occupational therapists to evaluate visual scanning ability during locomotion. Its measurement properties have not been examined. OBJECTIVE: To assess the interrater reliability, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of the ScanCourse. DESIGN: This study involved data collection at two time points. To assess test-retest reliability, the ScanCourse was administered twice within a 2-week period. To assess interrater reliability, a second rater was present for one session. To assess level of agreement, a Bland-Altman plot was created. To assess absolute reliability, the standard error of measurement was calculated. To evaluate construct validity, the results of the ScanCourse were compared with results of the Bells Test and Trail Making Test A and B. SETTING: Rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-one patients with neurological impairments. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The ScanCourse (participants identify numbered cards placed on both sides of a hallway at various heights during locomotion). RESULTS: The ScanCourse was found to have excellent interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] [1,1] = .998; 95% confidence interval [CI] [.996-.999]), test-retest reliability (ICC [1,1] = .912; 95% CI [.811-.959]), a high level of agreement, and a low standard error of measurement (.503), and it was found to be significantly correlated with Trails A (rs = -.436, p = .009) and B (rs = -.364, p = .029). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The assessment was found to have strong measurement properties, and it is therefore an appropriate tool for assessing dual-task visual scanning among those with neurological impairments. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS: This research demonstrates that the ScanCourse is reliable between raters and over time and that scores on the measure vary as anticipated with scores on a related measure, which provides evidence of its validity. These findings support its use in practice.
Authors: Neil Aaronson; Jordi Alonso; Audrey Burnam; Kathleen N Lohr; Donald L Patrick; Edward Perrin; Ruth E Stein Journal: Qual Life Res Date: 2002-05 Impact factor: 4.147
Authors: Shawn C Marshall; Frank Molnar; Malcolm Man-Son-Hing; Richard Blair; Lucie Brosseau; Hillel M Finestone; Catherine Lamothe; Nicol Korner-Bitensky; Keith G Wilson Journal: Top Stroke Rehabil Date: 2007 Jan-Feb Impact factor: 2.119
Authors: Carrie Gibbons; Nathan Smith; Randy Middleton; John Clack; Bruce Weaver; Sacha Dubois; Michel Bédard Journal: Am J Occup Ther Date: 2017 Mar/Apr
Authors: Patricia M Niewoehner; Rochelle R Henderson; Jami Dalchow; Tracy L Beardsley; Robert A Stern; David B Carr Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2012-10-30 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Ramaswamy Kavitha Perumparaichallai; Kristi L Husk; Stephen M Myles; Pamela S Klonoff Journal: Front Neurol Date: 2014-04-23 Impact factor: 4.003