Screening of drought-resistance related genes and analysis of promising regulatory pathway in camel renal medulla.

Camels as a sort of animal long living in desert have evolved stress-resistance characteristics to adapt to environment with high temperature and water shortage environment. However, the research of non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-mediated molecular regulation about how camel responds to arid condition in post-transcriptional regulation level is deficient. Under water-deprivation stress, by RNA-sequencing of camel renal medulla associated with regulating water metabolism, we detected significantly differential 575 alternative splicing events (ASEs) and 17 mRNAs, 26 miRNAs and 0 lncRNA. The down-regulated ACLY and LOC105061856, up-regulated PCBP2 and miR-195 potentially targeting LOC105061856 and PCBP2 mRNA were selected as candidate resistance-related genes. In quantitative experiment, the expression level of above four genes was consistent with RNA-seq data by qRT-PCR. The suppressive cell dehydration with down-regulated ACLY, inhibitive aerobic respiration with down-regulated LOC105061856 targeted by miR-195 and strong anti-oxidative capability with PCBP2 aimed by miR-195 may be regulatory modes of camel renal medulla adapting to water-deprivation condition.