Tsubasa Naoe1, Akira Hasebe2, Rumi Horiuchi3, Yoji Makita4, Yohei Okazaki5, Keisuke Yasuda6, Kenya Matsuo7, Yasuhiro Yoshida8, Kazuhiro Tsuga9, Yasuhiko Abe10, Atsuro Yokoyama11. 1. Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Functional Science, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan. 2. Oral Molecular Microbiology, Department of Oral Pathobiological Science, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan. Electronic address: akkun@den.hokudai.ac.jp. 3. Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita 14, Nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan. Electronic address: fujita@den.hokudai.ac.jp. 4. Health Environment Control Research Group, Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14, Hayashi, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan. Electronic address: y-makita@aist.go.jp. 5. Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan. Electronic address: okazaki-yoh@hiroshima-u.ac.jp. 6. Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan. Electronic address: pota-keisuke1120@hiroshima-u.ac.jp. 7. Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan. Electronic address: k.matsuo@medicalcrafton.jp. 8. Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan. Electronic address: yasuhiro@den.hokudai.ac.jp. 9. Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan. Electronic address: tsuga@hiroshima-u.ac.jp. 10. Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan. Electronic address: abey@hiroshima-u.ac.jp. 11. Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Functional Science, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan. Electronic address: yokoyama@den.hokudai.ac.jp.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The mechanical properties, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility of a novel antimicrobial tissue conditioner containing cetylpyridinium chloride with montmorillonite (CPC-Mont) were evaluated. METHODS: To examine the mechanical properties of the novel material, hardness, consistency, and penetration tests were conducted. Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was evaluated. Cell viabilities of fibroblasts and epithelial cells using eluates from materials were measured to evaluate cytotoxicity. In addition, to assess tissue response, animal experiments were conducted. RESULTS: The hardness test results were similar to those of other commercially available materials. The novel tissue conditioner showed good antimicrobial activity against C. albicans and S. aureus compared with other materials. This effect was sustained for a week for C. albicans. In the case of S. aureus, microbial growth was suppressed for up to 3 weeks. Cell viability of the novel material for the eluate at 1 day was significantly less than those of other material for both cells. However, the cell viability at 7 days showed no significant difference. Animal experiments demonstrated that inflammatory responses around materials were not observed on the oral mucosa as other material. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this in vitro and in vivo study, the results suggest that the newly developed tissue conditioner containing CPC-Mont has not only excellent antimicrobial properties, but also the same mechanical properties and biocompatibility as tissue conditioners on the market.
PURPOSE: The mechanical properties, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility of a novel antimicrobial tissue conditioner containing cetylpyridinium chloride with montmorillonite (CPC-Mont) were evaluated. METHODS: To examine the mechanical properties of the novel material, hardness, consistency, and penetration tests were conducted. Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was evaluated. Cell viabilities of fibroblasts and epithelial cells using eluates from materials were measured to evaluate cytotoxicity. In addition, to assess tissue response, animal experiments were conducted. RESULTS: The hardness test results were similar to those of other commercially available materials. The novel tissue conditioner showed good antimicrobial activity against C. albicans and S. aureus compared with other materials. This effect was sustained for a week for C. albicans. In the case of S. aureus, microbial growth was suppressed for up to 3 weeks. Cell viability of the novel material for the eluate at 1 day was significantly less than those of other material for both cells. However, the cell viability at 7 days showed no significant difference. Animal experiments demonstrated that inflammatory responses around materials were not observed on the oral mucosa as other material. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this in vitro and in vivo study, the results suggest that the newly developed tissue conditioner containing CPC-Mont has not only excellent antimicrobial properties, but also the same mechanical properties and biocompatibility as tissue conditioners on the market.