Sultan Keles1, Ahmet Anik2, Ozge Cevik3, Burcin Irem Abas3, Ayse Anik4. 1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey. dtsultank@gmail.com. 2. Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey. 3. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey. 4. Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the levels of interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in gingival crevicular fluid of diabetic children with gingivitis. METHODOLOGY: Eighty-eight children (44 with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 44 systemically healthy) were recruited for the study. The children were divided into four subgroups based on their periodontal and systemic condition: (1) systemically and periodontally healthy children (H), (2) systemically healthy children with gingivitis (G), (3) periodontally healthy children with T1DM (T1DM + H), and (4) children with T1DM and gingivitis (T1DM + G). The plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and GCF volume were recorded. The IL-18 and TNF-α levels in GCF were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: The clinical periodontal parameters, GCF IL-18 level, and TNF-α level were similar between diabetic and systemically healthy children (p > 0.05). The gingivitis subgroups had a significantly higher GI, PI, PPD, GCF volume, and TNF-α total amounts than the H subgroups (p < 0.0001). The IL-18 concentrations in the gingivitis subgroups were significantly lower than in the periodontally healthy subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: In diabetic children with good metabolic control, T1DM did not affect the GCF levels of IL-18 and TNF-α in the presence of gingivitis. However, increased GCF TNF-α levels in children with gingivitis confirm that TNF-α is closely related to gingival inflammation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is not associated with GCF interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in children with gingivitis.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the levels of interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in gingival crevicular fluid of diabeticchildren with gingivitis. METHODOLOGY: Eighty-eight children (44 with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 44 systemically healthy) were recruited for the study. The children were divided into four subgroups based on their periodontal and systemic condition: (1) systemically and periodontally healthy children (H), (2) systemically healthy children with gingivitis (G), (3) periodontally healthy children with T1DM (T1DM + H), and (4) children with T1DM and gingivitis (T1DM + G). The plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and GCF volume were recorded. The IL-18 and TNF-α levels in GCF were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: The clinical periodontal parameters, GCFIL-18 level, and TNF-α level were similar between diabetic and systemically healthy children (p > 0.05). The gingivitis subgroups had a significantly higher GI, PI, PPD, GCF volume, and TNF-α total amounts than the H subgroups (p < 0.0001). The IL-18 concentrations in the gingivitis subgroups were significantly lower than in the periodontally healthy subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: In diabeticchildren with good metabolic control, T1DM did not affect the GCF levels of IL-18 and TNF-α in the presence of gingivitis. However, increased GCF TNF-α levels in children with gingivitis confirm that TNF-α is closely related to gingival inflammation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is not associated with GCF interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in children with gingivitis.