Choong Yi Fong1, Fen Ni Ong2,3, Lai Choo Ong2, Teik Beng Khoo4, Ming Lee Lee3,5. 1. Division of Paediatric Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. cyfong@ummc.edu.my. 2. Division of Paediatric Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 3. Paediatric Department, Hospital Tuanku Jaafar, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. 4. Paediatric Neurology Unit, Women and Children's Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 5. Paediatric Department, Hospital Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia.
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and potential risk factors of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among Malaysian children with spina bifida. SETTING: Four Malaysian tertiary hospitals. METHODS: Children with spina bifida were assessed for potential demographic, disease severity and lifestyle risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. Blood for 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) was taken. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D levels ≤ 37.5 nmol/L and insufficiency as 37.6-50 nmol/L. RESULTS: Eighty children aged 2-18 years (42 males) participated in the study. Vitamin D levels ranged from 14 to 105 nmol/L (mean 52.8, SD 19.1). Vitamin D deficiency was identified in 18 (22.5%) and insufficiency in 26 (32.5%) children. Logistic regression analysis showed that skin exposure to sunlight ≤ 21% body surface area (OR: 6.2, CI 1.7-22.9) and duration of sun exposure ≤ 35 min/day (OR: 4.0, CI 1.2-14.1) were significant risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Over half (55%) of Malaysian children with spina bifida seen in urban tertiary hospitals have vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. Lifestyle sun exposure behaviours were risk factors for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency.
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and potential risk factors of vitamin Ddeficiency and insufficiency among Malaysian children with spina bifida. SETTING: Four Malaysian tertiary hospitals. METHODS:Children with spina bifida were assessed for potential demographic, disease severity and lifestyle risk factors for vitamin Ddeficiency and insufficiency. Blood for 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) was taken. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D levels ≤ 37.5 nmol/L and insufficiency as 37.6-50 nmol/L. RESULTS: Eighty children aged 2-18 years (42 males) participated in the study. Vitamin D levels ranged from 14 to 105 nmol/L (mean 52.8, SD 19.1). Vitamin D deficiency was identified in 18 (22.5%) and insufficiency in 26 (32.5%) children. Logistic regression analysis showed that skin exposure to sunlight ≤ 21% body surface area (OR: 6.2, CI 1.7-22.9) and duration of sun exposure ≤ 35 min/day (OR: 4.0, CI 1.2-14.1) were significant risk factors for vitamin Ddeficiency and insufficiency, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Over half (55%) of Malaysian children with spina bifida seen in urban tertiary hospitals have vitamin Dinsufficiency and deficiency. Lifestyle sun exposure behaviours were risk factors for vitamin Ddeficiency and insufficiency.
Authors: Bee Koon Poh; Nipa Rojroongwasinkul; Bao Khanh Le Nguyen; Abd Talib Ruzita; Uruwan Yamborisut; Truong Nguyen Hong; Fitrah Ernawati; Paul Deurenberg; Panam Parikh Journal: Asia Pac J Clin Nutr Date: 2016 Impact factor: 1.662