A Madan1, D Thompson2, J C Fowler3, N J Ajami2, R Salas4, B C Frueh5, M R Bradshaw3, B L Weinstein3, J M Oldham6, J F Petrosino2. 1. Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: amadan@houstonmethodist.org. 2. Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. 3. Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. 4. Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Michael E DeBakey VA Medical, Houston, TX, USA; The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA. 5. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii, Hilo, USA. 6. Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence implicates the gut microbiota in central nervous system functioning via its effects on inflammation, the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and/or neurotransmission. Our understanding of the cellular underpinnings of the brain-gut relationship is based almost exclusively on animal models with some small-scale human studies. This study examined the relationship between the gut microbiota and psychiatric symptom severity and treatment response among inpatients with serious mental illness. METHOD: We collected data from adult inpatients (N = 111). Measures of diagnoses, suicide severity, trauma, depression, and anxiety were collected shortly after admission, while self-collected fecal swabs were collected early in the course of hospitalization and processed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and whole genome shotgun sequencing methods. RESULTS: Results indicate that depression and anxiety severity shortly after admission were negatively associated with bacterial richness and alpha diversity. Additional analyses revealed a number of bacterial taxa associated with depression and anxiety severity. Gut microbiota richness and alpha diversity early in the course of hospitalization was a significant predictor of depression remission at discharge. CONCLUSIONS: This study is among the first to demonstrate a gut microbiota relationship with symptom severity among psychiatric inpatients as well as a relationship to remission of depression post-treatment. These findings are consistent with animal models and limited human studies as well as with the broader literature implicating inflammation in the pathophysiology of depression. These findings offer the foundation for further studies of novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment, prevention of, or recurrence of serious mental illness.
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence implicates the gut microbiota in central nervous system functioning via its effects on inflammation, the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and/or neurotransmission. Our understanding of the cellular underpinnings of the brain-gut relationship is based almost exclusively on animal models with some small-scale human studies. This study examined the relationship between the gut microbiota and psychiatric symptom severity and treatment response among inpatients with serious mental illness. METHOD: We collected data from adult inpatients (N = 111). Measures of diagnoses, suicide severity, trauma, depression, and anxiety were collected shortly after admission, while self-collected fecal swabs were collected early in the course of hospitalization and processed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and whole genome shotgun sequencing methods. RESULTS: Results indicate that depression and anxiety severity shortly after admission were negatively associated with bacterial richness and alpha diversity. Additional analyses revealed a number of bacterial taxa associated with depression and anxiety severity. Gut microbiota richness and alpha diversity early in the course of hospitalization was a significant predictor of depression remission at discharge. CONCLUSIONS: This study is among the first to demonstrate a gut microbiota relationship with symptom severity among psychiatric inpatients as well as a relationship to remission of depression post-treatment. These findings are consistent with animal models and limited human studies as well as with the broader literature implicating inflammation in the pathophysiology of depression. These findings offer the foundation for further studies of novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment, prevention of, or recurrence of serious mental illness.
Authors: Andrew P Shoubridge; Jocelyn M Choo; Alyce M Martin; Damien J Keating; Ma-Li Wong; Julio Licinio; Geraint B Rogers Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2022-03-02 Impact factor: 13.437
Authors: Susan A Korrick; Juliette C Madan; Hannah E Laue; Margaret R Karagas; Modupe O Coker; David C Bellinger; Emily R Baker Journal: Pediatr Res Date: 2021-11-04 Impact factor: 3.953
Authors: Eva M Medina-Rodriguez; Derik Madorma; Gregory O'Connor; Brittany L Mason; Dongmei Han; Sapna K Deo; Mark Oppenheimer; Charles B Nemeroff; Madhukar H Trivedi; Sylvia Daunert; Eléonore Beurel Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2020-07-31 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Eric L Brown; Heather T Essigmann; Kristi L Hoffman; Noah W Palm; Sarah M Gunter; Joel M Sederstrom; Joseph F Petrosino; Goo Jun; David Aguilar; William B Perkison; Craig L Hanis; Herbert L DuPont Journal: Infect Immun Date: 2020-11-16 Impact factor: 3.609
Authors: Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka; Anna Skowrońska; Aleksandra Margulska; Karolina H Czarnecka-Chrebelska; Igor Łoniewski; Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka; Dominik Strzelecki Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2021-03-24 Impact factor: 4.241