Yong Ho Jo1,2, Dong Qiao Peng1,2, Won Seob Kim1,2, Seong Jin Kim3, Na Yeon Kim3, Sung Hak Kim4, Jalil Ghassemi Nejad1,2, Jae Seong Lee1, Hong Gu Lee1,2. 1. Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea. 2. Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea. 3. Asia Pacific Ruminant Institute, Icheon 467814, Korea. 4. Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the effects of vitamin A (VA) supplementation during late pregnancy on longissimus dorsi muscle tissue development, birth traits, and growth performance in postnatal Korean native calves. Methods: In the preliminary experiment, twenty-six pregnant cattle [initial BW=319 kg (SD=30.1); 1st parity] were randomly assigned to the control and treatment group. Vitamin A supplementation at 24,000 IU/day was supplied to the treatment group from gestational day 225 to delivery. In the main experiment, twelve pregnant cattle [initial BW=317 kg (SD=31.3); 1st parity] were used and were treated with VA supplementation at 24,000 IU/day (gestational days 150-225) and at 78,000 IU/day (gestational day 225 to delivery). Serum VA in pregnant cattle, growth performance, gene expression, and serum VA were analyzed in the offspring calves. Results: Serum VA in pregnant cattle decreased during the late gestation in both experiments (p<0.001). In the main experiment, treatment group showed higher serum VA than control in pregnant cattle at the time of parturition and offspring at birth (p<0.05). Higher birth weight was observed in the main experiment (p=0.022) and tendency (p=0.088) in the preliminary experiment in the treatment group. However, no differences were observed in feed intake, ADG, G:F, and BW of 31-day-old calves. Gene expression was analyzed in the longissimus dorsi muscle of 31-day-old calves. Vitamin A supplementation in pregnant cattle stimulated postnatal muscle development by elevating Myf5, Myf6, and MyoD (p<0.05). Moreover, preadipocyte-related marker genes such as ERK2 and KLF2 were higher in the treatment group than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: 78,000 IU/day VA supplementation to late pregnant cattle maintains serum VA levels. In addition, 78,000 IU/day VA supplementation enhances birth weight and gene expression-related muscle and preadipocyte development in offspring. Overall, 78,000 IU/day VA supplementation to pregnant cattle would be beneficial to newborn calves.
Objective: This study investigated the effects of vitamin A (VA) supplementation during late pregnancy on longissimus dorsi muscle tissue development, birth traits, and growth performance in postnatal Korean native calves. Methods: In the preliminary experiment, twenty-six pregnant cattle [initial BW=319 kg (SD=30.1); 1st parity] were randomly assigned to the control and treatment group. Vitamin A supplementation at 24,000 IU/day was supplied to the treatment group from gestational day 225 to delivery. In the main experiment, twelve pregnant cattle [initial BW=317 kg (SD=31.3); 1st parity] were used and were treated with VA supplementation at 24,000 IU/day (gestational days 150-225) and at 78,000 IU/day (gestational day 225 to delivery). Serum VA in pregnant cattle, growth performance, gene expression, and serum VA were analyzed in the offspring calves. Results:Serum VA in pregnant cattle decreased during the late gestation in both experiments (p<0.001). In the main experiment, treatment group showed higher serum VA than control in pregnant cattle at the time of parturition and offspring at birth (p<0.05). Higher birth weight was observed in the main experiment (p=0.022) and tendency (p=0.088) in the preliminary experiment in the treatment group. However, no differences were observed in feed intake, ADG, G:F, and BW of 31-day-old calves. Gene expression was analyzed in the longissimus dorsi muscle of 31-day-old calves. Vitamin A supplementation in pregnant cattle stimulated postnatal muscle development by elevating Myf5, Myf6, and MyoD (p<0.05). Moreover, preadipocyte-related marker genes such as ERK2 and KLF2 were higher in the treatment group than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: 78,000 IU/day VA supplementation to late pregnant cattle maintains serum VA levels. In addition, 78,000 IU/day VA supplementation enhances birth weight and gene expression-related muscle and preadipocyte development in offspring. Overall, 78,000 IU/day VA supplementation to pregnant cattle would be beneficial to newborn calves.
Entities:
Keywords:
Adipocyte Hyperplasia; Birth Weight; Korean Native Calves; Myogenesis; Vitamin A
Authors: Xue Cheng Jin; Dong Qiao Peng; Seong Jin Kim; Na Yeon Kim; Jalil Ghassemi Nejad; Danil Kim; Stephen B Smith; Hong Gu Lee Journal: Anim Nutr Date: 2022-06-18