Gwanghui Ryu1, Hun-Jong Dhong2, Minsu Park3, Na Young Hwang3, Dong-Kyu Kim4, Hyo Yeol Kim5, Seung-Kyu Chung5, Chae-Seo Rhee6, Seong-Ho Cho7, Sang Duk Hong5, Dae Woo Kim8. 1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea. 2. Department of Rhinology, Hana ENT Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 3. Statistics and Data Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. 4. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea. 5. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 6. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 7. Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA. 8. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Immunologic function in innate and adaptive immunity changes with the ageing process. Thus, age-related cytokine profiles in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) need to be investigated for precision medicine. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to characterize age-related changes in immunologic profiles according to CRS subtypes. METHODS: Subjects in control (n = 29), CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP, n = 86), and CRS with nasal polyps (eosinophilic NP: ENP, n = 81; non-eosinophilic NP: NENP, n = 113) were enrolled in this study. Twenty markers for type 1/2/3 inflammation and other inflammatory processes were measured in homogenates of sinonasal tissues and statistically analysed. RESULTS: In control tissues, type 2/3 and proinflammatory mediators showed an inverse correlation with age. CRSsNP and NENP showed an age-related increase in type 2 cytokines and a decline in type 3 cytokines. Interestingly, the age-related decrease in type 3 mediators was associated with those of CT scores in NENP. ENP showed an age-related increase in type 3 cytokines with type 2 mediators sustained at high levels. Smokers with ENP demonstrated age-associated increases in type 1/2/3 mediators as well as CT scores. These age-related patterns in each CRS were confirmed by statistically adjusting atopy status, smoking history, and disease duration. CONCLUSION: Age-associated cytokine changes differed among CRS subtypes and control tissues. CRSsNP and NENP demonstrated a decline in type 3 mediators and increase in type 2 mediators, whereas type 3 mediators increased with age in ENP.
BACKGROUND: Immunologic function in innate and adaptive immunity changes with the ageing process. Thus, age-related cytokine profiles in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) need to be investigated for precision medicine. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to characterize age-related changes in immunologic profiles according to CRS subtypes. METHODS: Subjects in control (n = 29), CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP, n = 86), and CRS with nasal polyps (eosinophilic NP: ENP, n = 81; non-eosinophilic NP: NENP, n = 113) were enrolled in this study. Twenty markers for type 1/2/3 inflammation and other inflammatory processes were measured in homogenates of sinonasal tissues and statistically analysed. RESULTS: In control tissues, type 2/3 and proinflammatory mediators showed an inverse correlation with age. CRSsNP and NENP showed an age-related increase in type 2 cytokines and a decline in type 3 cytokines. Interestingly, the age-related decrease in type 3 mediators was associated with those of CT scores in NENP. ENP showed an age-related increase in type 3 cytokines with type 2 mediators sustained at high levels. Smokers with ENP demonstrated age-associated increases in type 1/2/3 mediators as well as CT scores. These age-related patterns in each CRS were confirmed by statistically adjusting atopy status, smoking history, and disease duration. CONCLUSION: Age-associated cytokine changes differed among CRS subtypes and control tissues. CRSsNP and NENP demonstrated a decline in type 3 mediators and increase in type 2 mediators, whereas type 3 mediators increased with age in ENP.