Research progress of delayed bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastric lesions.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is generally used to treat a variety of superficial gastric mucosal and submucosal lesions. Nevertheless, ESD is more difficult and complicated compared to traditional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and also requires longer operation time, which can increase the incidence of various complications including delayed bleeding, perforation, and infection. Among them, delayed hemorrhage is a major post-ESD complication. The early and accurate evaluation and precaution of post-ESD bleeding for gastric lesions is related to the success rate of the operation and the safety of patients. At present, there are many studies about the risks and preventative measures for delayed hemorrhage after gastric ESD, but there are still many problems that have not been solved. Therefore, this article will review the risk factors, precautions and treatments for delayed hemorrhage after the ESD of gastric lesions. The endoscopist should fully understand these risk factors, precautions and treatment methods to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the entire ESD process. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.