Meei-Hua Lin1, Bill D Pope1, Takako Sasaki2, Daniel P Keeley3, David R Sherwood3, Jeffrey H Miner1,4. 1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. 2. Department of Biochemistry II, Oita University, Oita, Japan. 3. Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. 4. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hemicentins (HMCNs) are a family of extracellular matrix proteins first identified in Caenorhabditis elegans, with two orthologs (HMCN1 and 2) in vertebrates. In worms, HMCN is deposited at specific sites where it forms long, fine tracks that link two tissues by connecting adjacent basement membranes (BMs). By generating CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Hmcn1 and Hmcn2 knockout mice, we tested the hypothesis that HMCNs perform similar functions in mammals. RESULTS: Hmcn1 -/- mice were viable and fertile. Using new, knockout mouse-validated HMCN1 antibodies, HMCN1 was detected in wild-type mice as fine tracks along the BM of hair and whisker follicles, in the sclera of the eyes, and in the lumen of some lymphoid conduits. It was also observed in the mesangial matrix of the kidney glomerulus. However, HMCN1 deficiency did not affect the functions of these tissues, including adherence of coat hairs and whiskers, the sieving function of lymphoid conduits, or the immune response to injected antigens. HMCN2 deficiency did not lead to any discernible phenotypes on its own or when combined with HMCN1 deficiency. CONCLUSION: That Hmcn1 -/- , Hmcn2 -/- , and Hmcn1/2 double knockout mice did not display any overt phenotypes implicates compensation by other members of the fibulin family.
BACKGROUND: Hemicentins (HMCNs) are a family of extracellular matrix proteins first identified in Caenorhabditis elegans, with two orthologs (HMCN1 and 2) in vertebrates. In worms, HMCN is deposited at specific sites where it forms long, fine tracks that link two tissues by connecting adjacent basement membranes (BMs). By generating CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Hmcn1 and Hmcn2 knockout mice, we tested the hypothesis that HMCNs perform similar functions in mammals. RESULTS:Hmcn1 -/- mice were viable and fertile. Using new, knockout mouse-validated HMCN1 antibodies, HMCN1 was detected in wild-type mice as fine tracks along the BM of hair and whisker follicles, in the sclera of the eyes, and in the lumen of some lymphoid conduits. It was also observed in the mesangial matrix of the kidney glomerulus. However, HMCN1 deficiency did not affect the functions of these tissues, including adherence of coat hairs and whiskers, the sieving function of lymphoid conduits, or the immune response to injected antigens. HMCN2 deficiency did not lead to any discernible phenotypes on its own or when combined with HMCN1 deficiency. CONCLUSION: That Hmcn1 -/- , Hmcn2 -/- , and Hmcn1/2 double knockout mice did not display any overt phenotypes implicates compensation by other members of the fibulin family.
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