Elissa J Hamlat1, Kathleen C McCormick1, Jami F Young2, Benjamin L Hankin1. 1. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA. 2. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recurrent depressive episodes during adolescence result in significant impairment and increased risk for subsequent adverse outcomes throughout the life span. Evidence suggests that early pubertal timing predicts the onset of depressive episodes (particularly for girls); however, it is not known if pubertal timing prospectively predicts recurrent depressive episodes in youth. METHODS: At baseline, 603 youth (56% female, at baseline: Mage = 12.09, SD = 2.35) reported on their pubertal development. Youth and their parents completed a semistructured diagnostic interview to assess depressive episodes at baseline and then evaluated for onset repeatedly every 6 months for a period of 36 months. RESULTS: Controlling for past history of depression, Cox proportional hazards models examined whether earlier pubertal timing predicted (a) days to first depressive episode from baseline and (b) days to a second (recurrent) depressive episode from the end of the first episode. Early pubertal timing predicted the onset of the first depressive episode after baseline (b = .19, Wald = 5.36, p = .02, HR = 1.21), as well as a recurrent episode during course of study follow-up episode (b = .32, Wald = 6.16, p = .01, HR = 1.38). CONCLUSIONS: Findings reinforce the importance of considering the impact of early pubertal timing on depression risk. Investigation on how pubertal timing interacts with other risk factors to predict depression recurrence is needed.
BACKGROUND: Recurrent depressive episodes during adolescence result in significant impairment and increased risk for subsequent adverse outcomes throughout the life span. Evidence suggests that early pubertal timing predicts the onset of depressive episodes (particularly for girls); however, it is not known if pubertal timing prospectively predicts recurrent depressive episodes in youth. METHODS: At baseline, 603 youth (56% female, at baseline: Mage = 12.09, SD = 2.35) reported on their pubertal development. Youth and their parents completed a semistructured diagnostic interview to assess depressive episodes at baseline and then evaluated for onset repeatedly every 6 months for a period of 36 months. RESULTS: Controlling for past history of depression, Cox proportional hazards models examined whether earlier pubertal timing predicted (a) days to first depressive episode from baseline and (b) days to a second (recurrent) depressive episode from the end of the first episode. Early pubertal timing predicted the onset of the first depressive episode after baseline (b = .19, Wald = 5.36, p = .02, HR = 1.21), as well as a recurrent episode during course of study follow-up episode (b = .32, Wald = 6.16, p = .01, HR = 1.38). CONCLUSIONS: Findings reinforce the importance of considering the impact of early pubertal timing on depression risk. Investigation on how pubertal timing interacts with other risk factors to predict depression recurrence is needed.
Authors: William Copeland; Lilly Shanahan; Shari Miller; E Jane Costello; Adrian Angold; Barbara Maughan Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2010-05-17 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Steven D Hollon; Richard C Shelton; Stephen Wisniewski; Diane Warden; Melanie M Biggs; Edward S Friedman; Mustafa Husain; David J Kupfer; Andrew A Nierenberg; Timothy J Petersen; Kathy Shores-Wilson; A John Rush Journal: J Psychiatr Res Date: 2005-10-21 Impact factor: 4.791
Authors: Sidney Zisook; Ira Lesser; Jonathan W Stewart; Stephen R Wisniewski; G K Balasubramani; Maurizio Fava; William S Gilmer; Timothy R Dresselhaus; Michael E Thase; Andrew A Nierenberg; Madhukar H Trivedi; A John Rush Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2007-10 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Marjolein E A Barendse; Michelle L Byrne; John C Flournoy; Elizabeth A McNeilly; Victoria Guazzelli Williamson; Ann-Marie Y Barrett; Samantha J Chavez; Elizabeth A Shirtcliff; Nicholas B Allen; Jennifer H Pfeifer Journal: J Psychopathol Clin Sci Date: 2021-12-23