Francisco Jose García-García1, Jose Antonio Carnicero2, Jose Losa-Reyna3, Ana Alfaro-Acha4, Carmen Castillo-Gallego4, Cristina Rosado-Artalejo4, Gonzalo Gutiérrrez-Ávila5, Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas6. 1. Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: franjogarcia@telefonica.net. 2. CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain. 3. Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Toledo, Spain. 4. Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain. 5. CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Epidemiologic Department, Consejería de Sanidad de Castilla la Mancha, Toledo, Spain. 6. CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To develop short versions of the Frailty Trait Scale (FTS) for use in clinical settings. DESIGN: Prospective population-based cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Data from 1634 participants from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging. METHODS: The 12-item Frailty Trait Scale (FTS) reduction was performed based on an area under the curve (AUC) analysis adjusted by age, sex, and comorbidity. Items that maximized prognostic information for adverse events were selected. Each item score was done at the same time as the reduction, identifying the score that maximized the predictive ability for adverse events. For each short version of the FTS, cutoffs that optimized the prognostic information (sensitivity and specificity) were chosen, and their predictive value was later compared with a surrogate gold standard for frailty (the Fried Phenotype). RESULTS: Two short forms, the 5-item (FTS5) (range 0-50) and 3-item (FTS3) (range 0-30), were identified, both with AUCs for health adverse events similar to the 12-item FTS. The identified cutoffs were >25 for the FTS5 scale and >15 for the FTS3. The frailty prevalence with these cutoffs was 24% and 20% for the FTS5 and FTS3, respectively, whereas frailty according to Fried Phenotype (FP) reached 8% and prefrailty reached 41%. In general, the FTS5 showed better prognostic performance than the FP, especially with prefrail individuals, in whom the FTS5 form identified 65% of participants with an almost basal risk and 35% with a very high risk for mortality (OR: 4) and frailty (OR: 6.6-8.7), a high risk for hospitalization (OR: 1.9-2.1), and a moderate risk for disability (OR: 1.7) who could be considered frail. The FTS3 form had worse performance than the FTS5, showing 31% of false negatives between frail participants identified by FP with a high risk of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The FTS5 is a short scale that is easy to administer and has a similar performance to the FTS, and it can be used in clinical settings for frailty diagnosis and evolution.
OBJECTIVES: To develop short versions of the Frailty Trait Scale (FTS) for use in clinical settings. DESIGN: Prospective population-based cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Data from 1634 participants from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging. METHODS: The 12-item Frailty Trait Scale (FTS) reduction was performed based on an area under the curve (AUC) analysis adjusted by age, sex, and comorbidity. Items that maximized prognostic information for adverse events were selected. Each item score was done at the same time as the reduction, identifying the score that maximized the predictive ability for adverse events. For each short version of the FTS, cutoffs that optimized the prognostic information (sensitivity and specificity) were chosen, and their predictive value was later compared with a surrogate gold standard for frailty (the Fried Phenotype). RESULTS: Two short forms, the 5-item (FTS5) (range 0-50) and 3-item (FTS3) (range 0-30), were identified, both with AUCs for health adverse events similar to the 12-item FTS. The identified cutoffs were >25 for the FTS5 scale and >15 for the FTS3. The frailty prevalence with these cutoffs was 24% and 20% for the FTS5 and FTS3, respectively, whereas frailty according to Fried Phenotype (FP) reached 8% and prefrailty reached 41%. In general, the FTS5 showed better prognostic performance than the FP, especially with prefrail individuals, in whom the FTS5 form identified 65% of participants with an almost basal risk and 35% with a very high risk for mortality (OR: 4) and frailty (OR: 6.6-8.7), a high risk for hospitalization (OR: 1.9-2.1), and a moderate risk for disability (OR: 1.7) who could be considered frail. The FTS3 form had worse performance than the FTS5, showing 31% of false negatives between frail participants identified by FP with a high risk of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The FTS5 is a short scale that is easy to administer and has a similar performance to the FTS, and it can be used in clinical settings for frailty diagnosis and evolution.
Authors: Myriam Oviedo-Briones; Ángel Rodríguez-Laso; José Antonio Carnicero; Barbara Gryglewska; Alan J Sinclair; Francesco Landi; Bruno Vellas; Fernando Rodríguez Artalejo; Marta Checa-López; Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas Journal: J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle Date: 2022-04-15 Impact factor: 12.063
Authors: Adrián Hernández-Vicente; Jorge Marín-Puyalto; Esther Pueyo; Germán Vicente-Rodríguez; Nuria Garatachea Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-09-09 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Ángel Iván Fernández-García; Ana Moradell; David Navarrete-Villanueva; Jorge Subías-Perié; Jorge Pérez-Gómez; Ignacio Ara; Marcela González-Gross; José Antonio Casajús; Germán Vicente-Rodríguez; Alba Gómez-Cabello Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-09-29 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas; Javier Angulo; José A Carnicero; Mariam El Assar; Francisco J García-García; Alan J Sinclair Journal: Geroscience Date: 2021-06-01 Impact factor: 7.581
Authors: Alejandro Álvarez-Bustos; Jose Antonio Carnicero-Carreño; Juan Luis Sanchez-Sanchez; Francisco Javier Garcia-Garcia; Cristina Alonso-Bouzón; Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas Journal: J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle Date: 2021-12-23 Impact factor: 12.910