Veronica Mattioli1, Maria Elisabetta Zanolin1, Lucia Cazzoletti1, Roberto Bono2, Isa Cerveri3, Marcello Ferrari4, Pietro Pirina5, Vanessa Garcia-Larsen6. 1. Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. 2. Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. 3. Division of Respiratory Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico 'San Matteo' Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. 4. Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. 5. Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. 6. Program in Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the associations between chronic respiratory diseases and intakes of total flavonoids and their major subclasses (flavanones, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, flavones, polymers and proanthocyanidins). DESIGN: Multi-case-control study. SETTING: The analysis was conducted in the frame of the Genes Environment Interaction in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition FFQ was used to ascertain dietary intake. Multinomial regression models adjusting for age, sex, centre, BMI, smoking habit, alcohol intake, education, total energy intake, vitamin C intake and total fruit intake were used to examine the associations between dietary exposures and the relative risk ratio (RRR) of being a case. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals (n 990) hierarchically defined as follows: cases with asthma (current, n 159; past, n 78), chronic bronchitis (n 47), rhinitis (allergic rhinitis, n 167; non-allergic rhinitis, n 142) and controls (n 97). RESULTS: An increase of 1 sd in flavanones was associated with a reduced risk of non-allergic rhinitis (adjusted RRR = 0·68, 95 % CI 0·47, 0·97); a similar result was found comparing the highest v. lowest quartile of flavanones intake (adjusted RRR = 0·24, 95 % CI 0·10, 0·59). CONCLUSIONS: Flavonoids contained in fruits and vegetables, especially flavanones, might reduce the risk of non-allergic rhinitis. No associations were found between other flavonoids and the considered outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the associations between chronic respiratory diseases and intakes of total flavonoids and their major subclasses (flavanones, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, flavones, polymers and proanthocyanidins). DESIGN: Multi-case-control study. SETTING: The analysis was conducted in the frame of the Genes Environment Interaction in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition FFQ was used to ascertain dietary intake. Multinomial regression models adjusting for age, sex, centre, BMI, smoking habit, alcohol intake, education, total energy intake, vitamin C intake and total fruit intake were used to examine the associations between dietary exposures and the relative risk ratio (RRR) of being a case. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals (n 990) hierarchically defined as follows: cases with asthma (current, n 159; past, n 78), chronic bronchitis (n 47), rhinitis (allergic rhinitis, n 167; non-allergic rhinitis, n 142) and controls (n 97). RESULTS: An increase of 1 sd in flavanones was associated with a reduced risk of non-allergic rhinitis (adjusted RRR = 0·68, 95 % CI 0·47, 0·97); a similar result was found comparing the highest v. lowest quartile of flavanones intake (adjusted RRR = 0·24, 95 % CI 0·10, 0·59). CONCLUSIONS:Flavonoids contained in fruits and vegetables, especially flavanones, might reduce the risk of non-allergic rhinitis. No associations were found between other flavonoids and the considered outcomes.
Authors: Francisca de Castro-Mendes; Pedro Cunha; Inês Paciência; João Cavaleiro Rufo; Mariana Farraia; Diana Silva; Patrícia Padrão; Luís Delgado; André Moreira; Pedro Moreira Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-03-05 Impact factor: 3.390