Akira Obana1,2, Yuko Gohto3, Hiroyuki Sasano3, Werner Gellermann4, Mohsen Sharifzadeh4, Takahiko Seto3, Paul S Bernstein5. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12 Sumiyoshi, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan. obana@sis.seirei.or.jp. 2. Hamamatsu BioPhotonics Innovation Chair, Institute for Medical Photonics Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan. obana@sis.seirei.or.jp. 3. Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12 Sumiyoshi, Naka-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan. 4. Longevity Link Corporation, Salt Lake City, USA. 5. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine the spatial distribution types of macular pigment (MP) in elderly Japanese individuals and to consider their origin. STUDY DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Local MP optical density (MPOD) at some eccentricities and MP volume were measured using the MPOD module of a MultiColor Spectralis in 96 pseudophakic eyes of 96 participants (age range, 52-86 years; mean age, 72.8 ± 8.3 years). The MP distribution types were determined from the MP spatial profiles. The retinal thickness (RT) at the foveal center, at both 0.5° and 0.9° eccentricities, and the foveal width were measured using optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: The mean local MPOD at the foveal center was 0.79. Spatial distribution was classified into four types: central peak (24.0%), ring-like (40.6%), intermediate (22.9%), and central dip (12.5%). The ring-like type was the most frequent in these Japanese participants. The central-peak type showed lower MPOD than did the other types in the area outside 0.9°. The ring-like type occurred frequently in eyes with small RT at 0.5° and wider foveal width. A rough contour of the Müller cell cone was found more frequently in the central-dip type than in the other types. CONCLUSIONS: The present characteristics of the different distribution patterns could be explained by the hypothesis that MP presents mainly in the Müller cell cone within 0.5° and in Müller cells in the outer and inner plexiform layers in the area outside 0.5°. The anatomic characteristics of Müller cells at the fovea and parafovea likely affect the MP distribution.
PURPOSE: To determine the spatial distribution types of macular pigment (MP) in elderly Japanese individuals and to consider their origin. STUDY DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Local MP optical density (MPOD) at some eccentricities and MP volume were measured using the MPOD module of a MultiColor Spectralis in 96 pseudophakic eyes of 96 participants (age range, 52-86 years; mean age, 72.8 ± 8.3 years). The MP distribution types were determined from the MP spatial profiles. The retinal thickness (RT) at the foveal center, at both 0.5° and 0.9° eccentricities, and the foveal width were measured using optical coherence tomography. RESULTS: The mean local MPOD at the foveal center was 0.79. Spatial distribution was classified into four types: central peak (24.0%), ring-like (40.6%), intermediate (22.9%), and central dip (12.5%). The ring-like type was the most frequent in these Japanese participants. The central-peak type showed lower MPOD than did the other types in the area outside 0.9°. The ring-like type occurred frequently in eyes with small RT at 0.5° and wider foveal width. A rough contour of the Müller cell cone was found more frequently in the central-dip type than in the other types. CONCLUSIONS: The present characteristics of the different distribution patterns could be explained by the hypothesis that MP presents mainly in the Müller cell cone within 0.5° and in Müller cells in the outer and inner plexiform layers in the area outside 0.5°. The anatomic characteristics of Müller cells at the fovea and parafovea likely affect the MP distribution.
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