Marianne Engels1. 1. Institut für Pathologie, Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland. marianne.engels@uk-koeln.de.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In addition to histological examinations, cytological samples are also being evaluated with increasing frequency for the diagnosis of lung carcinoma. OBJECTIVES: Possible applications of and techniques for cytological examinations are presented. Typical morphologies of primary lung cancer and metastatic disease are shown. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Samples were obtained during bronchoscopy, serous effusion fluid, and fine-needle aspiration cytology. Special technical features of the cytological samples are discussed. Cytomorphology of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma, and small-cell lung carcinoma are shown. RESULTS: There are clear-cut diagnostic criteria for the main subtypes of primary lung carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Cytological examination is a valuable addition to histology for lung carcinoma diagnostics.
BACKGROUND: In addition to histological examinations, cytological samples are also being evaluated with increasing frequency for the diagnosis of lung carcinoma. OBJECTIVES: Possible applications of and techniques for cytological examinations are presented. Typical morphologies of primary lung cancer and metastatic disease are shown. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Samples were obtained during bronchoscopy, serous effusion fluid, and fine-needle aspiration cytology. Special technical features of the cytological samples are discussed. Cytomorphology of pulmonary adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma, and small-cell lung carcinoma are shown. RESULTS: There are clear-cut diagnostic criteria for the main subtypes of primary lung carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Cytological examination is a valuable addition to histology for lung carcinoma diagnostics.