Hao Ma1, Xiang Li1, Tao Zhou1, Dianjianyi Sun1,2, Zhaoxia Liang1,3, Ying Li4, Yoriko Heianza1, Lu Qi5,6,7. 1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. 2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China. 3. Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. 4. The National Key Discipline, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. 5. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA lqi1@tulane.edu luqi@hsph.harvard.edu. 6. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 7. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Glucosamine is a widely used supplement typically taken for osteoarthritis and joint pain. Emerging evidence suggests potential links of glucosamine with glucose metabolism, inflammation, and cardiometabolic risk. We prospectively analyzed the association of habitual glucosamine use with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and assessed whether genetic susceptibility and inflammation status might modify the association. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study analyzed 404,508 participants from the UK Biobank who were free of diabetes, cancer, or cardiovascular disease at baseline and completed the questionnaire on supplement use. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between habitual use of glucosamine and risk of incident T2D. RESULTS: During a median of 8.1 years of follow-up, 7,228 incident cases of T2D were documented. Glucosamine use was associated with a significantly lower risk of T2D (hazard ratio 0.83, 95% CI 0.78-0.89) after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, race, center, Townsend deprivation index, lifestyle factors, history of disease, and other supplement use. This inverse association was more pronounced in participants with a higher blood level of baseline C-reactive protein than in those with a lower level of this inflammation marker (P-interaction = 0.02). A genetic risk score for T2D did not modify this association (P-interaction = 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that glucosamine use is associated with a lower risk of incident T2D.
OBJECTIVE:Glucosamine is a widely used supplement typically taken for osteoarthritis and joint pain. Emerging evidence suggests potential links of glucosamine with glucose metabolism, inflammation, and cardiometabolic risk. We prospectively analyzed the association of habitual glucosamine use with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and assessed whether genetic susceptibility and inflammation status might modify the association. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study analyzed 404,508 participants from the UK Biobank who were free of diabetes, cancer, or cardiovascular disease at baseline and completed the questionnaire on supplement use. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between habitual use of glucosamine and risk of incident T2D. RESULTS: During a median of 8.1 years of follow-up, 7,228 incident cases of T2D were documented. Glucosamine use was associated with a significantly lower risk of T2D (hazard ratio 0.83, 95% CI 0.78-0.89) after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, race, center, Townsend deprivation index, lifestyle factors, history of disease, and other supplement use. This inverse association was more pronounced in participants with a higher blood level of baseline C-reactive protein than in those with a lower level of this inflammation marker (P-interaction = 0.02). A genetic risk score for T2D did not modify this association (P-interaction = 0.99). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that glucosamine use is associated with a lower risk of incident T2D.
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