OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to implement a deep-learning tool to produce synthetic double inversion recovery (synthDIR) images and compare their diagnostic performance to conventional sequences in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this retrospective analysis, 100 MS patients (65 female, 37 [22-68] years) were randomly selected from a prospective observational cohort between 2014 and 2016. In a subset of 50 patients, an artificial neural network (DiamondGAN) was trained to generate a synthetic DIR (synthDIR) from standard acquisitions (T1, T2, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery [FLAIR]). With the resulting network, synthDIR was generated for the remaining 50 subjects. These images as well as conventionally acquired DIR (trueDIR) and FLAIR images were assessed for MS lesions by 2 independent readers, blinded to the source of the DIR image. Lesion counts in the different modalities were compared using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and interrater analysis was performed. Contrast-to-noise ratios were compared for objective image quality. RESULTS: Utilization of synthDIR allowed to detect significantly more lesions compared with the use of FLAIR images (31.4 ± 20.7 vs 22.8 ± 12.7, P < 0.001). This improvement was mainly attributable to an improved depiction of juxtacortical lesions (12.3 ± 10.8 vs 7.2 ± 5.6, P < 0.001). Interrater reliability was excellent in FLAIR 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-0.95), synthDIR 0.93 (95% CI, 0.87-0.96), and trueDIR 0.95 (95% CI, 0.85-0.98).Contrast-to-noise ratio in synthDIR exceeded that of FLAIR (22.0 ± 6.4 vs 16.7 ± 3.6, P = 0.009); no significant difference was seen in comparison to trueDIR (22.0 ± 6.4 vs 22.4 ± 7.9, P = 0.87). CONCLUSIONS: Computationally generated DIR images improve lesion depiction compared with the use of standard modalities. This method demonstrates how artificial intelligence can help improving imaging in specific pathologies.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to implement a deep-learning tool to produce synthetic double inversion recovery (synthDIR) images and compare their diagnostic performance to conventional sequences in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this retrospective analysis, 100 MSpatients (65 female, 37 [22-68] years) were randomly selected from a prospective observational cohort between 2014 and 2016. In a subset of 50 patients, an artificial neural network (DiamondGAN) was trained to generate a synthetic DIR (synthDIR) from standard acquisitions (T1, T2, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery [FLAIR]). With the resulting network, synthDIR was generated for the remaining 50 subjects. These images as well as conventionally acquired DIR (trueDIR) and FLAIR images were assessed for MS lesions by 2 independent readers, blinded to the source of the DIR image. Lesion counts in the different modalities were compared using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and interrater analysis was performed. Contrast-to-noise ratios were compared for objective image quality. RESULTS: Utilization of synthDIR allowed to detect significantly more lesions compared with the use of FLAIR images (31.4 ± 20.7 vs 22.8 ± 12.7, P < 0.001). This improvement was mainly attributable to an improved depiction of juxtacortical lesions (12.3 ± 10.8 vs 7.2 ± 5.6, P < 0.001). Interrater reliability was excellent in FLAIR 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-0.95), synthDIR 0.93 (95% CI, 0.87-0.96), and trueDIR 0.95 (95% CI, 0.85-0.98).Contrast-to-noise ratio in synthDIR exceeded that of FLAIR (22.0 ± 6.4 vs 16.7 ± 3.6, P = 0.009); no significant difference was seen in comparison to trueDIR (22.0 ± 6.4 vs 22.4 ± 7.9, P = 0.87). CONCLUSIONS: Computationally generated DIR images improve lesion depiction compared with the use of standard modalities. This method demonstrates how artificial intelligence can help improving imaging in specific pathologies.
Authors: S Fujita; K Yokoyama; A Hagiwara; S Kato; C Andica; K Kamagata; N Hattori; O Abe; S Aoki Journal: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol Date: 2021-01-07 Impact factor: 3.825
Authors: Jiaen Liu; Erin S Beck; Stefano Filippini; Peter van Gelderen; Jacco A de Zwart; Gina Norato; Pascal Sati; Omar Al-Louzi; Hadar Kolb; Maxime Donadieu; Mark Morrison; Jeff H Duyn; Daniel S Reich Journal: Invest Radiol Date: 2021-07-01 Impact factor: 10.065
Authors: Tom Finck; Hongwei Li; Sarah Schlaeger; Lioba Grundl; Nico Sollmann; Benjamin Bender; Eva Bürkle; Claus Zimmer; Jan Kirschke; Björn Menze; Mark Mühlau; Benedikt Wiestler Journal: Front Neurosci Date: 2022-04-26 Impact factor: 5.152