Zan Liu1, Haiyan Yan2, Yang Yang1, Liangjun Wei3, Shunyao Xia1, Youcheng Xiu4. 1. Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. 2. Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. 3. Departments of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. 4. Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Heilongjiang, China. Electronic address: youchengxiu2000@163.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Our study is to examine the citron rho-interacting, serine/threonine kinase 21 (CIT) in bladder cancer. METHODS: We examined CIT level in human bladder cancer tissues by immunohistochemical staining. To explore the impact of CIT on cell proliferation and apoptosis, we down-regulated its expression in two human bladder cancer cell lines, 5367 and T24. We examined cell growth in 5367 and T24. We also performed in vivo analysis using T24 cells. We further used microarray expression profiling to investigate genes differentially expressed in T24 cells with CIT down-regulated. RESULTS: In 100 human samples, CIT was expressed by only 2 of 30 (6.7 %) controls in bladder tissues, whereas by 64 of 70 (91.4 %) cancer patients in tumor tissues (p < 0.001). in vitro analysis demonstrated that CIT knockdown represses cell proliferation by 50 % in both cells and colony formation (77 ± 5 vs. 13 ± 2, p = 0.001 for T24, 58 ± 3 vs. 1 ± 1, p < 0.001 for 5637). We also found CIT knockdown could induce cell cycle arrest, and promote apoptosis in both cells. Tumor-volume monitoring and live in vivo bladder cancer imaging in human xenograft model confirmed that CIT knockdown reduces tumor volume (668.4 ± 333.0 vs. 305.7 ± 170.4 mm3, p = 0.02) and weight (0.27 ± 0.15 vs. 0.57 ± 0.32 g, p = 0.02). Microarray analysis revealed that CIT may regulate cell cycle signalling pathway through various cell cycle regulators. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we provided clinical and experimental evidence that CIT may promote bladder cancer through regulation of cell cycle pathway.
OBJECTIVE: Our study is to examine the citron rho-interacting, serine/threonine kinase 21 (CIT) in bladder cancer. METHODS: We examined CIT level in humanbladder cancer tissues by immunohistochemical staining. To explore the impact of CIT on cell proliferation and apoptosis, we down-regulated its expression in two humanbladder cancer cell lines, 5367 and T24. We examined cell growth in 5367 and T24. We also performed in vivo analysis using T24 cells. We further used microarray expression profiling to investigate genes differentially expressed in T24 cells with CIT down-regulated. RESULTS: In 100 human samples, CIT was expressed by only 2 of 30 (6.7 %) controls in bladder tissues, whereas by 64 of 70 (91.4 %) cancerpatients in tumor tissues (p < 0.001). in vitro analysis demonstrated that CIT knockdown represses cell proliferation by 50 % in both cells and colony formation (77 ± 5 vs. 13 ± 2, p = 0.001 for T24, 58 ± 3 vs. 1 ± 1, p < 0.001 for 5637). We also found CIT knockdown could induce cell cycle arrest, and promote apoptosis in both cells. Tumor-volume monitoring and live in vivo bladder cancer imaging in human xenograft model confirmed that CIT knockdown reduces tumor volume (668.4 ± 333.0 vs. 305.7 ± 170.4 mm3, p = 0.02) and weight (0.27 ± 0.15 vs. 0.57 ± 0.32 g, p = 0.02). Microarray analysis revealed that CIT may regulate cell cycle signalling pathway through various cell cycle regulators. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we provided clinical and experimental evidence that CIT may promote bladder cancer through regulation of cell cycle pathway.