Brenna Cholerton1, Kathleen L Poston2, Lu Tian3, Joseph F Quinn4,5, Kathryn A Chung4,5, Amie L Hiller4,5, Shu-Ching Hu6,7, Krista Specketer6, Thomas J Montine1, Karen L Edwards8, Cyrus P Zabetian6,7. 1. Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto California USA. 2. Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford School of Medicine Palo Alto California USA. 3. Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto CA USA. 4. Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center Portland Veterans Affairs Health Care System Portland Oregon USA. 5. Department of Neurology Oregon Health and Science University Portland Oregon USA. 6. Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System Seattle Washington USA. 7. Department of Neurology University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington USA. 8. Department of Epidemiology University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine Irvine California USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Cognitive dysfunction is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and associated with reduced functional abilities and increased dependence. To date, however, little is known about the relationship between performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and cognitive stages in PD, and there are conflicting reports as to whether declines in specific cognitive domains predict IADL impairment. METHODS: Participants with PD were drawn from the Pacific Udall Center and included in the study if both participant and study partner IADL ratings and cognitive tests were completed (n = 192). Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine whether participant and/or study partner rating predicted mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Correlations are reported for the relationship between participant/study partner IADL reports as well as for specific cognitive tests. RESULTS: Although both participant and study partner ratings of IADL performance were associated with a diagnosis of PD with dementia, only participant self-rating of functional ability was significantly associated with a diagnosis of PD with mild cognitive impairment. Functional ability correlated most strongly with measures of processing speed, auditory working memory, and immediate verbal recall for both the participant and study partner ratings. CONCLUSION: For participants with PD in the early stages of cognitive decline, self-rating may be more sensitive to the impact of cognitive changes on IADL function than ratings made by a knowledgeable study partner. Changes in executive function, processing speed, and learning may indicate a higher likelihood of IADL impairment. Careful assessment of cognition and IADL performance is recommended to permit individualized interventions prior to significant disability.
INTRODUCTION: Cognitive dysfunction is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and associated with reduced functional abilities and increased dependence. To date, however, little is known about the relationship between performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) and cognitive stages in PD, and there are conflicting reports as to whether declines in specific cognitive domains predict IADL impairment. METHODS: Participants with PD were drawn from the Pacific Udall Center and included in the study if both participant and study partner IADL ratings and cognitive tests were completed (n = 192). Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine whether participant and/or study partner rating predicted mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Correlations are reported for the relationship between participant/study partner IADL reports as well as for specific cognitive tests. RESULTS: Although both participant and study partner ratings of IADL performance were associated with a diagnosis of PD with dementia, only participant self-rating of functional ability was significantly associated with a diagnosis of PD with mild cognitive impairment. Functional ability correlated most strongly with measures of processing speed, auditory working memory, and immediate verbal recall for both the participant and study partner ratings. CONCLUSION: For participants with PD in the early stages of cognitive decline, self-rating may be more sensitive to the impact of cognitive changes on IADL function than ratings made by a knowledgeable study partner. Changes in executive function, processing speed, and learning may indicate a higher likelihood of IADL impairment. Careful assessment of cognition and IADL performance is recommended to permit individualized interventions prior to significant disability.
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