Dental caries diagnosis in digital radiographs using back-propagation neural network.

PURPOSE: An algorithm for diagnostic system with neural network is developed for diagnosis of dental caries in digital radiographs. The diagnostic performance of the designed system is evaluated.
METHODS: The diagnostic system comprises of Laplacian filtering, window based adaptive threshold, morphological operations, statistical feature extraction and back-propagation neural network. The back propagation neural network used to classify a tooth surface as normal or having dental caries. The 105 images derived from intra-oral digital radiography, are used to train an artificial neural network with 10-fold cross validation. The caries in these dental radiographs are annotated by a dentist. The performance of the diagnostic algorithm is evaluated and compared with baseline methods.
RESULTS: The system gives an accuracy of 97.1%, false positive (FP) rate of 2.8%, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area of 0.987 and precision recall curve (PRC) area of 0.987 with learning rate of 0.4, momentum of 0.2 and 500 iterations with single hidden layer with 9 nodes.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that dental caries can be predicted more accurately with back-propagation neural network. There is a need for improving the system for classification of caries depth. More improved algorithms and high quantity and high quality datasets may give still better tooth decay detection in clinical dental practice. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.