An Interpretable Ensemble Deep Learning Model for Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Classification.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one kind of eye disease that is caused by overtime diabetes. Lots of patients around the world suffered from DR which may bring about blindness. Early detection of DR is a rigid quest which can remind the DR patients to seek corresponding treatments in time. This paper presents an automatic image-level DR detection system using multiple well-trained deep learning models. Besides, several deep learning models are integrated using the Adaboost algorithm in order to reduce the bias of each single model. To explain the results of DR detection, this paper provides weighted class activation maps (CAMs) that can illustrate the suspected position of lesions. In the pre-processing stage, eight image transformation ways are also introduced to help augment the diversity of fundus images. Experiments demonstrate that the method proposed by this paper has stronger robustness and acquires more excellent performance than that of individual deep learning model.