Margot Gray1, Julie C Wilson2, Morgan Potter3, Aaron J Provance4, David R Howell5. 1. Vestibular Disorders Program, Physical Therapy Department, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. 2. Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. 3. Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. 4. Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. 5. Sports Medicine Center, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. Electronic address: david.howell@cuanschutz.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine differences between male and female adolescents on measures of balance, vestibular and oculomotor function within 3 weeks of concussion among a group of pediatric patients presenting to a sports medicine clinic. DESIGN: Medical record review. SETTING: Sports medicine clinic. PARTICIPANTS: 197 female (median age = 15.2 years) and 381 male (median age = 14.6 years) pediatric patients seen for a concussion, evaluated 9.3 ± 5.2 (mean ± SD) days post-concussion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients completed Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), tandem gait, gaze stability, and near point of convergence (NPC) tests. RESULTS: A higher proportion of female patients exhibited abnormal NPC (22% vs. 14%; p = 0.017), gaze stability (53% vs. 43%; p = 0.028), and tandem gait tests (20% vs. 13%; p = 0.026) compared to male patients. Multivariable analysis indicated an independent association between female sex and increased odds of abnormal NPC (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.07-3.00), and tandem gait tests (aOR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.12-3.41) following concussion. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that within the first three weeks of a concussion, female pediatric patients demonstrated increased odds of exhibiting abnormal near point of convergence, and tandem gait test performance compared to male patients.
OBJECTIVE: To examine differences between male and female adolescents on measures of balance, vestibular and oculomotor function within 3 weeks of concussion among a group of pediatric patients presenting to a sports medicine clinic. DESIGN: Medical record review. SETTING: Sports medicine clinic. PARTICIPANTS: 197 female (median age = 15.2 years) and 381 male (median age = 14.6 years) pediatric patients seen for a concussion, evaluated 9.3 ± 5.2 (mean ± SD) days post-concussion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients completed Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), tandem gait, gaze stability, and near point of convergence (NPC) tests. RESULTS: A higher proportion of female patients exhibited abnormal NPC (22% vs. 14%; p = 0.017), gaze stability (53% vs. 43%; p = 0.028), and tandem gait tests (20% vs. 13%; p = 0.026) compared to male patients. Multivariable analysis indicated an independent association between female sex and increased odds of abnormal NPC (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.07-3.00), and tandem gait tests (aOR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.12-3.41) following concussion. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that within the first three weeks of a concussion, female pediatric patients demonstrated increased odds of exhibiting abnormal near point of convergence, and tandem gait test performance compared to male patients.
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