Nasrettin Sönmez1, Kristin Lie Romm2, Tiril Østefjells3, Marit Grande4, Lene Hunnicke Jensen5, Benjamin Hummelen6, Martin Tesli7, Ingrid Melle2, Jan Ivar Røssberg8. 1. Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Forskningsveien 7, 0373 Oslo, Norway; Department of Research and Education, Clinic of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Norway. 2. Department of Research and Education, Clinic of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway. 3. NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Department for Specialised Inpatient Treatment, Akershus University Hospital, Sykehusveien 25, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway. 4. Grande, Sandviksveien 157, 1337 Sandvika, Norway. 5. Early Intervention in Psychosis Unit, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway. 6. Department of Research and Education, Clinic of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Norway. 7. NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway. 8. Department of Research and Education, Clinic of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: j.i.rossberg@medisin.uio.no.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Patients in early phases of psychosis often struggle with depressive symptoms and low self-esteem. The main aims of the present study were to examine whether cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) compared to treatment as usual (TAU) would reduce depressive symptoms (primary outcome) and increase self-esteem (secondary outcome). Furthermore, we wanted to examine whether CBT reduces symptoms measured with the PANSS (positive, negative, cognitive, or excited symptoms) or increases general functioning compared to TAU. METHODS: A total of 63 early psychosis patients were included and randomly assigned to receive either CBT (maximum 26 sessions) or TAU for a period of up to six months. A linear mixed model was used for longitudinal analysis, with a focus on whether patients in the CBT group or the TAU group changed differently to one another between the baseline and 15-month follow-up. RESULTS: There were no differences between the CBT group and TAU group regarding improvements in depressive symptoms measured with the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (P = 0.188) or self-esteem measured with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (P = 0.580). However, patients in the CBT group improved significantly more on negative symptoms (P = 0.002) and social functioning (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find CBT to be more effective than TAU in reducing depressive symptoms or increasing self-esteem in patients with early psychosis. However, CBT seems to improve negative symptoms and functioning. These results still need to be replicated in further studies as the present one was merely an exploratory analysis. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01511406.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND:Patients in early phases of psychosis often struggle with depressive symptoms and low self-esteem. The main aims of the present study were to examine whether cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) compared to treatment as usual (TAU) would reduce depressive symptoms (primary outcome) and increase self-esteem (secondary outcome). Furthermore, we wanted to examine whether CBT reduces symptoms measured with the PANSS (positive, negative, cognitive, or excited symptoms) or increases general functioning compared to TAU. METHODS: A total of 63 early psychosispatients were included and randomly assigned to receive either CBT (maximum 26 sessions) or TAU for a period of up to six months. A linear mixed model was used for longitudinal analysis, with a focus on whether patients in the CBT group or the TAU group changed differently to one another between the baseline and 15-month follow-up. RESULTS: There were no differences between the CBT group and TAU group regarding improvements in depressive symptoms measured with the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (P = 0.188) or self-esteem measured with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (P = 0.580). However, patients in the CBT group improved significantly more on negative symptoms (P = 0.002) and social functioning (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find CBT to be more effective than TAU in reducing depressive symptoms or increasing self-esteem in patients with early psychosis. However, CBT seems to improve negative symptoms and functioning. These results still need to be replicated in further studies as the present one was merely an exploratory analysis. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01511406.
Authors: Laura von Hardenberg; Karolina Leopold; Nikola Stenzel; Michèle Kallenbach; Navid Aliakbari; Andreas Bechdolf; Stephanie Mehl Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2022-09-16 Impact factor: 5.435