Avery A Thompson1, Rachel L Duckham2,3, Mayur M Desai1, Courtney C Choy4, Lauren B Sherar5, Take Naseri6, Christina Soti-Ulberg6, Muagatutia S Reupena7, Abigail I Wetzel4, Nicola L Hawley1. 1. Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut. 2. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. 3. Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, Victoria, Australia. 4. Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island. 5. Center for Global Health and Human Development, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK. 6. Ministry of Health, Apia, Samoa. 7. Lutia I Puava Ae Mapu I Fagalele, Apia, Samoa.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Overweight/obesity is prevalent among children in the Pacific Islands, but its aetiology is poorly understood. Few studies have considered body composition in addition to body mass index-based measures. OBJECTIVES: To describe body composition among Samoan children and determine sex-specific associations among dietary intake, physical activity, and body composition. METHODS: Body composition (percent body fat [%BF], lean mass, and trunk-to-peripheral fat ratio) of n = 83 Samoan children (3-7 y) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Children completed 7 days of objective physical activity monitoring. Mothers reported child nutritional intake using a 115-item food frequency questionnaire. Stepwise generalized linear regression was used to determine independent associations of nutritional intake and physical activity with body composition. RESULTS: Samoan children had higher average %BF than reported among other ethnic groups but lower trunk-to-peripheral fat ratios. In sex-stratified analyses, quartile of carbohydrate intake was negatively associated with %BF (β = -2.02 SE = 0.58; P < .001) in girls only. Among boys, physical activity (quartile of accelerometer counts per minute) was negatively associated with %BF (β = -1.66 SE = 0.55; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Sex differences in the associations among nutritional intake, physical activity, and body composition may be important to consider as interventions are developed to address overweight/obesity among Samoan children.
BACKGROUND: Overweight/obesity is prevalent among children in the Pacific Islands, but its aetiology is poorly understood. Few studies have considered body composition in addition to body mass index-based measures. OBJECTIVES: To describe body composition among Samoan children and determine sex-specific associations among dietary intake, physical activity, and body composition. METHODS: Body composition (percent body fat [%BF], lean mass, and trunk-to-peripheral fat ratio) of n = 83 Samoan children (3-7 y) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Children completed 7 days of objective physical activity monitoring. Mothers reported child nutritional intake using a 115-item food frequency questionnaire. Stepwise generalized linear regression was used to determine independent associations of nutritional intake and physical activity with body composition. RESULTS: Samoan children had higher average %BF than reported among other ethnic groups but lower trunk-to-peripheral fat ratios. In sex-stratified analyses, quartile of carbohydrate intake was negatively associated with %BF (β = -2.02 SE = 0.58; P < .001) in girls only. Among boys, physical activity (quartile of accelerometer counts per minute) was negatively associated with %BF (β = -1.66 SE = 0.55; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Sex differences in the associations among nutritional intake, physical activity, and body composition may be important to consider as interventions are developed to address overweight/obesity among Samoan children.
Authors: Chris Fradkin; Jan L Wallander; Marc N Elliott; Susan Tortolero; Paula Cuccaro; Mark A Schuster Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2014-08-18 Impact factor: 4.267
Authors: Courtney C Choy; Mayur M Desai; Jennifer J Park; Elizabeth A Frame; Avery A Thompson; Take Naseri; Muagututia S Reupena; Rachel L Duckham; Nicole C Deziel; Nicola L Hawley Journal: Public Health Nutr Date: 2017-02-06 Impact factor: 4.022
Authors: Yunsheng Ma; Barbara Olendzki; David Chiriboga; James R Hebert; Youfu Li; Wenjun Li; MaryJane Campbell; Katherine Gendreau; Ira S Ockene Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2005-02-15 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Kurt Z Long; Johanna Beckmann; Christin Lang; Harald Seelig; Siphesihle Nqweniso; Nicole Probst-Hensch; Ivan Müller; Uwe Pühse; Peter Steinmann; Rosa du Randt; Cheryl Walter; Jürg Utzinger; Markus Gerber Journal: BMC Med Date: 2022-01-27 Impact factor: 8.775