Do PROMIS Physical Function, Pain Interference, and Depression Correlate to the Oswestry Disability Index and Neck Disability Index in Spine Trauma Patients?

STUDY
DESIGN: Correlational study.
OBJECTIVE: In spine trauma patients, we aimed to assess the correlation of patient-reported outcome measurement information system (PROMIS) physical function (PF), pain interference (PI), and Depression scores with Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) ODI/NDI scores. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The ODI and NDI were intended as patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to evaluate clinical outcomes in patients seeking spine care. To date, the PROMIS has not been studied in the spine trauma population.
METHODS: Between January 1, 2015 and December 13, 2017, patients presenting to a single, level 1 trauma center spine clinic with known spine trauma were identified. A total of 56 patients (52 operative, 4 nonoperative) representing 181 encounters were identified. PROMIS PF, PI, and Depression, as well as the ODI or NDI, were administered to patients. Spearman rho (ρ) were calculated between PROMs.
RESULTS: A strong correlation exists between PROMIS PI and the ODI (ρ = 0.79, P < 0.001), while a strong-moderate correlation exists between PROMIS PF and the ODI (ρ = -0.61, P < 0.001). A moderate correlation exists between PROMIS Depression and the ODI (ρ = 0.54, P < 0.001). Strong correlations exist between PROMIS PI and the NDI (ρ = 0.71, P < 0.001) and PROMIS Depression and the NDI (ρ = 0.73, P < 0.001). A poor correlation exists between PROMIS PF and the NDI (ρ = -0.28, P = 0.005).
CONCLUSION: PROMIS PF, PI, and Depression domains significantly correlate with the ODI and NDI; however, only PROMIS PI strongly correlates with both the NDI and ODI. This suggests that PROMIS PI can be used to capture similar information to that of the ODI or NDI but that PROMIS PF and Depression may offer additional clinical information. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2.