Shintaro Narita1,2, Shingo Hatakeyama3,4, Masahiro Takahashi5,4, Toshihiko Sakurai6,4, Sadafumi Kawamura7,4, Senji Hoshi8,4, Masanori Ishida9,4, Toshiaki Kawaguchi10,4, Shigeto Ishidoya11,4, Jiro Shimoda9,4, Hiromi Sato12, Atsushi Koizumi12, Koji Mitsuzuka5,4, Tatsuo Tochigi7,4, Norihiko Tsuchiya6,4, Chikara Ohyama3,4, Yoichi Arai5,4, Kyoko Nomura13, Tomonori Habuchi12,4. 1. Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan. naritashintaro@gmail.com. 2. Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Sendai, Japan. naritashintaro@gmail.com. 3. Department of Urology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan. 4. Michinoku Japan Urological Cancer Study Group (MJUCSG), Sendai, Japan. 5. Department of Urology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. 6. Department of Urology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan. 7. Department of Urology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan. 8. Department of Urology, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan. 9. Department of Urology, Iwate Prefectural Isawa Hospital, Oshu, Japan. 10. Department of Urology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan. 11. Department of Urology, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai, Japan. 12. Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan. 13. Department of Public Health, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Clinical outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer (mHNPC) and initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were evaluated. METHODS: The medical records of 605 consecutive mHNPC patients with initial ADT or combined androgen blockade (CAB) at nine study centers between 2008 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)-free and overall survival (OS) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The association of pretreatment risk factors with CRPC-free survival and OS was evaluated by Cox proportional hazard models and differences in survival were classified by the number of risk factors. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 2.95 years, median CRPC-free survival was 21.9 months and median OS was 5.37 years. Multivariable analysis found that four risk factors, a Gleason score ≥ 9, lymph node metastasis, an extent of disease score ≥ 2, and serum LDH of > 220 IU were independently associated with both CRPC-free survival and OS. Median CRPC-free survival of low-risk patients with no or one factor was 86.5 months, 17.9 months in intermediate-risk patients with two or three factors, and 11.0 months in high-risk patients with four factors. Median OS was 4.72 years in intermediate- and 2.44 years in high-risk patients. It was not reached in low-risk patients. CONCLUSION: In this series, CRPC-free and OS of a subset of mHNPC patients in Japan who were treated with ADT or CAB had better CRPC-free and overall survivals in Japan. Risk-adapted treatment based on the presence of novel prognostic factors may be beneficial for selected mHNPC patients.
PURPOSE: Clinical outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer (mHNPC) and initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were evaluated. METHODS: The medical records of 605 consecutive mHNPC patients with initial ADT or combined androgen blockade (CAB) at nine study centers between 2008 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)-free and overall survival (OS) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The association of pretreatment risk factors with CRPC-free survival and OS was evaluated by Cox proportional hazard models and differences in survival were classified by the number of risk factors. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 2.95 years, median CRPC-free survival was 21.9 months and median OS was 5.37 years. Multivariable analysis found that four risk factors, a Gleason score ≥ 9, lymph node metastasis, an extent of disease score ≥ 2, and serum LDH of > 220 IU were independently associated with both CRPC-free survival and OS. Median CRPC-free survival of low-risk patients with no or one factor was 86.5 months, 17.9 months in intermediate-risk patients with two or three factors, and 11.0 months in high-risk patients with four factors. Median OS was 4.72 years in intermediate- and 2.44 years in high-risk patients. It was not reached in low-risk patients. CONCLUSION: In this series, CRPC-free and OS of a subset of mHNPC patients in Japan who were treated with ADT or CAB had better CRPC-free and overall survivals in Japan. Risk-adapted treatment based on the presence of novel prognostic factors may be beneficial for selected mHNPC patients.