Christopher Mancuso1, Alyssa Izquierdo1, Meghan Slattery1, Kendra R Becker2, Franziska Plessow1, Jennifer J Thomas2, Kamryn T Eddy2, Elizabeth A Lawson1, Madhusmita Misra3. 1. Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States. 2. Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States. 3. Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, United States. Electronic address: mmisra@mgh.harvard.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Females with anorexia nervosa (AN) have higher ghrelin and peptide YY (PYY) and lower brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) levels than controls, and differ in their perception of hunger cues. Studies have not examined appetite-regulating hormones in the context of homeostatic and hedonic appetite in AN. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether alterations in appetite-regulating hormones following a standardized meal are associated with homeostatic and hedonic appetite in young females with AN vs. controls. METHODS: 68 females (36 AN, 32 controls) 10-22 years old were enrolled. Ghrelin, PYY and BDNF levels were assessed before, and 30, 60 and 120 min following a 400-kilocalorie standardized breakfast. Visual Analog Scales (VAS) assessing prospective food consumption, hunger, satiety, and hedonic appetite were administered before and 20 min after breakfast. A Cookie Taste Test (CTT) was conducted after a snack as a measure of hedonic eating behavior ∼3 h after breakfast. RESULTS: AN had higher fasting ghrelin and PYY, and lower fasting BDNF (p = 0.001, 0.002 and 0.044 respectively) than controls. Following breakfast (over 120 min), ghrelin and PYY area under the curve (AUC) were higher, while BDNF AUC was lower in AN vs. controls (p = 0.007, 0.017 and 0.020 respectively). Among AN (but not controls), reductions in ghrelin and increases in PYY in the first 30-minutes following breakfast were associated with reductions in VAS scores for prospective food consumption. AN consumed fewer calories during the CTT vs. controls (p < 0.0001). In AN (particularly AN-restrictive subtype), BDNF AUC was positively associated with kilocalories consumed during the CTT CONCLUSIONS: In young females with AN, changes in ghrelin and PYY following food intake are associated with reductions in a prospective measure of food consumption, while reductions in BDNF are associated with reduced hedonic food intake. Further studies are necessary to better understand the complex interplay between appetite signals and eating behaviors in AN.
BACKGROUND: Females with anorexia nervosa (AN) have higher ghrelin and peptide YY (PYY) and lower brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) levels than controls, and differ in their perception of hunger cues. Studies have not examined appetite-regulating hormones in the context of homeostatic and hedonic appetite in AN. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether alterations in appetite-regulating hormones following a standardized meal are associated with homeostatic and hedonic appetite in young females with AN vs. controls. METHODS: 68 females (36 AN, 32 controls) 10-22 years old were enrolled. Ghrelin, PYY and BDNF levels were assessed before, and 30, 60 and 120 min following a 400-kilocalorie standardized breakfast. Visual Analog Scales (VAS) assessing prospective food consumption, hunger, satiety, and hedonic appetite were administered before and 20 min after breakfast. A Cookie Taste Test (CTT) was conducted after a snack as a measure of hedonic eating behavior ∼3 h after breakfast. RESULTS:AN had higher fasting ghrelin and PYY, and lower fasting BDNF (p = 0.001, 0.002 and 0.044 respectively) than controls. Following breakfast (over 120 min), ghrelin and PYY area under the curve (AUC) were higher, while BDNF AUC was lower in AN vs. controls (p = 0.007, 0.017 and 0.020 respectively). Among AN (but not controls), reductions in ghrelin and increases in PYY in the first 30-minutes following breakfast were associated with reductions in VAS scores for prospective food consumption. AN consumed fewer calories during the CTT vs. controls (p < 0.0001). In AN (particularly AN-restrictive subtype), BDNF AUC was positively associated with kilocalories consumed during the CTT CONCLUSIONS: In young females with AN, changes in ghrelin and PYY following food intake are associated with reductions in a prospective measure of food consumption, while reductions in BDNF are associated with reduced hedonic food intake. Further studies are necessary to better understand the complex interplay between appetite signals and eating behaviors in AN.
Authors: Sue Stock; Pierre Leichner; Alfred C K Wong; Mohamed A Ghatei; Timothy J Kieffer; Stephen R Bloom; Jean-Pierre Chanoine Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2005-01-18 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: A M Wren; L J Seal; M A Cohen; A E Brynes; G S Frost; K G Murphy; W S Dhillo; M A Ghatei; S R Bloom Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2001-12 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Rachel L Batterham; Mark A Cohen; Sandra M Ellis; Carel W Le Roux; Dominic J Withers; Gary S Frost; Mohammad A Ghatei; Stephen R Bloom Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2003-09-04 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Jonas L Steinhäuser; Joseph A King; Friederike I Tam; Maria Seidel; Ronald Biemann; Marie-Louis Wronski; Daniel Geisler; Veit Roessner; Stefan Ehrlich Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-01-29 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Nikola Sekaninova; Lucia Bona Olexova; Zuzana Visnovcova; Igor Ondrejka; Ingrid Tonhajzerova Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2020-10-02 Impact factor: 5.923