Sera Whitelaw1, Ankur Kalra2, Harriette G C Van Spall3. 1. Department of Health, Research Methods Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. 2. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. 3. Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada.