Stimulation of neurite outgrowth in vitro by a glycero-ganglioside.

A glycerol-containing analog of ganglioside, with sialic acid attached to a diglyceride-like structure possessing two ether-linked alkyl chains, was prepared synthetically and applied exogenously to three culture systems; neuro-2A neuroblastoma cells, PC12 cells and dorsal root ganglia. This resulted in pronounced stimulation of neurite outgrowth in all three, demonstrating that sialo-lipids(s) lacking ceramide and possessing sialic acid as the sole carbohydrate are able to promote neuritogenesis in approximately the same manner as naturally occurring gangliosides.