Hsing-Shan Tsai1, Wei-Kung Tseng1,2, Wei-Hsian Yin3,4, Fang-Ju Lin5,6,7, Chen-Feng Hsuan1, Yen-Wen Wu8,9, Lien-Chi Huang10, Tsung-Hsien Lin11, Kuan-Cheng Chang12,13,14, Yi-Heng Li15, Hung-I Yeh16, Jaw-Wen Chen17,18, Chau-Chung Wu19,20. 1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital/I-Shou University. 2. Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung. 3. National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine. 4. Division of Cardiology, Heart Center, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital. 5. Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine. 6. School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University. 7. Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital. 8. Departments of Nuclear Medicine, and Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei. 9. Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City. 10. Division of Cardiology, Taipei City Hospital Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei. 11. Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung. 12. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University. 13. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine. 14. Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung. 15. Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital and College of Medicine, Tainan. 16. Mackay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City. 17. Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital. 18. Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University. 19. Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital. 20. Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Bioethics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) are all simple anthropometric tools used to categorize obesity status. This study aimed to determine associations between different anthropometric indices and the attainment of therapeutic lipid goals in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) undergoing secondary prevention. METHODS: Between 2010 and 2014, this multi-center study enrolled 5718 patients undergoing secondary prevention for CVD. At study enrollment, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein protein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) were recorded. This cross-sectional study analyzed these three anthropometric obesity indices and correlations with achieving therapeutic lipid goals. RESULTS: Among the 5718 patients, multivariate analysis revealed that those with higher BMI or WC tended not to meet their HDL-C and TG therapeutic goals. However, neither BMI nor WC showed a relationship with achieving the LDL-C target. The patients with an elevated WHR (≥ 0.98 for males and ≥ 0.97 for females) were less likely to achieve all three lipid target values, including LDL-C (p = 0.05), HDL-C (p < 0.001) and TG (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Among Taiwanese patients undergoing secondary prevention for CVD, the higher the WHR the lower the likelihood of achieving the lipid therapeutic goals.
BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) are all simple anthropometric tools used to categorize obesity status. This study aimed to determine associations between different anthropometric indices and the attainment of therapeutic lipid goals in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) undergoing secondary prevention. METHODS: Between 2010 and 2014, this multi-center study enrolled 5718 patients undergoing secondary prevention for CVD. At study enrollment, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein protein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) were recorded. This cross-sectional study analyzed these three anthropometric obesity indices and correlations with achieving therapeutic lipid goals. RESULTS: Among the 5718 patients, multivariate analysis revealed that those with higher BMI or WC tended not to meet their HDL-C and TG therapeutic goals. However, neither BMI nor WC showed a relationship with achieving the LDL-C target. The patients with an elevated WHR (≥ 0.98 for males and ≥ 0.97 for females) were less likely to achieve all three lipid target values, including LDL-C (p = 0.05), HDL-C (p < 0.001) and TG (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Among Taiwanese patients undergoing secondary prevention for CVD, the higher the WHR the lower the likelihood of achieving the lipid therapeutic goals.
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