Alexandra M Stuart1, Amanda L Baker2, Alexandra M J Denham2, Nicole K Lee3, Alix Hall4, Chris Oldmeadow4, Adrian Dunlop2, Jenny Bowman5, Kristen McCarter6. 1. School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. 2. School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, PO BOX 833, Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia. 3. Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia. 4. Hunter Medical Research Institute, LOT 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia. 5. School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, LOT 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia. 6. School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, PO BOX 833, Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia. Electronic address: Kristen.McCarter@newcastle.edu.au.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Regular methamphetamine use is associated with increased rates of psychiatric symptoms. Although there has been a substantial body of research reporting on the effectiveness of psychological treatments for reducing methamphetamine use, there is a paucity of research examining the effects of these treatments on co-occurring psychiatric symptoms. We addressed this gap by undertaking a systematic review of the evidence of the effectiveness of psychological treatments for methamphetamine use on psychiatric symptom outcomes in randomized controlled trials. METHODS: A narrative synthesis of studies was conducted following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement to inform methodology. Eight electronic peer-reviewed databases were searched. Ten eligible studies were assessed. RESULTS: Most studies found an overall reduction in levels of methamphetamine use and psychiatric symptoms among samples as a whole. Although brief interventions were effective, there is evidence that more intensive interventions have greater impact on methamphetamine use and/or psychiatric symptomatology. Intervention attendance was variable. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence suggests that a variety of psychological treatments are effective in reducing levels of methamphetamine use and improving psychiatric symptoms. Future research should consider how psychological treatments could maximize outcomes in the co-occurring domains of methamphetamine use and psychiatric symptoms, with increasing treatment attendance as a focus. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42016043657.
BACKGROUND: Regular methamphetamine use is associated with increased rates of psychiatric symptoms. Although there has been a substantial body of research reporting on the effectiveness of psychological treatments for reducing methamphetamine use, there is a paucity of research examining the effects of these treatments on co-occurring psychiatric symptoms. We addressed this gap by undertaking a systematic review of the evidence of the effectiveness of psychological treatments for methamphetamine use on psychiatric symptom outcomes in randomized controlled trials. METHODS: A narrative synthesis of studies was conducted following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement to inform methodology. Eight electronic peer-reviewed databases were searched. Ten eligible studies were assessed. RESULTS: Most studies found an overall reduction in levels of methamphetamine use and psychiatric symptoms among samples as a whole. Although brief interventions were effective, there is evidence that more intensive interventions have greater impact on methamphetamine use and/or psychiatric symptomatology. Intervention attendance was variable. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence suggests that a variety of psychological treatments are effective in reducing levels of methamphetamine use and improving psychiatric symptoms. Future research should consider how psychological treatments could maximize outcomes in the co-occurring domains of methamphetamine use and psychiatric symptoms, with increasing treatment attendance as a focus. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42016043657.
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