Patrícia Alves1,2, Maria Filipa Malheiro1, João Cavaco Gomes1, Tiago Ferraz1,3,4, Nuno Montenegro1,3,5. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal. 2. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Porto, Portugal. 3. Medicine Faculty, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 4. I3S Innovation in Health and Investigation Institute, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 5. Epidemology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to understand to what extent obesity is related to adverse maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes in a Portuguese obstetrical population. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics of a differentiated perinatal care facility. The study compared 1,183 obese pregnant women with 5,399 normal or underweight pregnant women for the occurrence of gestational diabetes, hypertensive pregnancy disorders, and preterm birth. Mode of delivery, birthweight, and neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) admissions were also evaluated. Mean blood glucose values were evaluated and compared between groups, in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Only singleton pregnancies were considered. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity was 13.6%. Obese pregnant women were significantly more likely to have cesarean sections (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.0, p < 0.001), gestational diabetes (aOR 2.14, p < 0.001), hypertensive pregnancy disorders (aOR 3.43, p < 0.001), and large-for-gestational age or macrosomic infants (aOR 2.13, p < 0.001), and less likely to have small-for-gestational age newborns (aOR 0.51, p < 0.009). No significant differences were found in terms of preterm births, fetal/neonatal deaths, low birthweight newborns, and neonatal ICU admissions among cases and controls. Maternal obesity was significantly associated with higher mean blood glucose levels, in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Obesity is associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. These risks seem to increase progressively with increasing body mass index (BMI) class. Female obesity should be considered a major public health issue and has consequences on maternal-fetal health. Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to understand to what extent obesity is related to adverse maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes in a Portuguese obstetrical population. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics of a differentiated perinatal care facility. The study compared 1,183 obese pregnant women with 5,399 normal or underweight pregnant women for the occurrence of gestational diabetes, hypertensive pregnancy disorders, and preterm birth. Mode of delivery, birthweight, and neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) admissions were also evaluated. Mean blood glucose values were evaluated and compared between groups, in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Only singleton pregnancies were considered. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity was 13.6%. Obese pregnant women were significantly more likely to have cesarean sections (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.0, p < 0.001), gestational diabetes (aOR 2.14, p < 0.001), hypertensive pregnancy disorders (aOR 3.43, p < 0.001), and large-for-gestational age or macrosomic infants (aOR 2.13, p < 0.001), and less likely to have small-for-gestational age newborns (aOR 0.51, p < 0.009). No significant differences were found in terms of preterm births, fetal/neonatal deaths, low birthweight newborns, and neonatal ICU admissions among cases and controls. Maternal obesity was significantly associated with higher mean blood glucose levels, in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Obesity is associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. These risks seem to increase progressively with increasing body mass index (BMI) class. Female obesity should be considered a major public health issue and has consequences on maternal-fetal health. Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Authors: Yi Sun; Xia Li; Tarik Benmarhnia; Jiu-Chiuan Chen; Chantal Avila; David A Sacks; Vicki Chiu; Jeff Slezak; John Molitor; Darios Getahun; Jun Wu Journal: Environ Int Date: 2021-09-24 Impact factor: 13.352