Bander Balkhi1, Wael Mansy2, Sultan AlGhadeer3, Abdulrahman Alnuaim4, Abdullah Alshehri5, Ali Somily6. 1. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. bbalkhi@ksu.edu.sa. 2. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. wsayed@ksu.edu.sa. 3. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. alghadeer@ksu.edu.sa. 4. Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare Center, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. dr.aalnauaim@gmail.com. 5. Prince Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. onofonof3@gmail.com. 6. King Saud University and King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. somily@ksu.edu.sa.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) is one of the most common infections worldwide. UTIs remain a challenge to the healthcare system because of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study is to report the most common UTI-causative organisms associated with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: a retrospective cross sectional study of 1918 positive urine culture samples of both gender collected over 9 months (May 2015 to February 2016) from a major tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: the median age of individuals involved in the study was 43 years, with males constituting 27.7% only of the population. Among cases deemed complicated (81.1%), common causes were diabetes, pregnancy, and immunocompromization, comprising 24.7%, 11.9%, and 10.8%, respectively. Escherichia coli (52%) was the most common uropathogen, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (15%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8%) Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B streptococcus) (7%), and Enterococcus faecalis (5%). Overall sensitivity studies showed the most highly resistant uropathogen was Escherichia coli (60%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4%) Enterococcus faecalis (3%), and Enterobacter cloacae (2%). Concerning the first defense antibiotics prescribed for UTI, E. coli was most frequently resistant to Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (47%) followed by ciprofloxacin (34%). K. pneumoniae was most frequently resistant to Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (35%) followed by cefuroxime (30%), while P. aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin (13%). CONCLUSION: Because of a high level of antimicrobial resistance amongst uropathogens in Saudi Arabia, the development of regional and national UTI guidelines is recommended. Copyright (c) 2018 Wael H Mancy, Bander Balkhi, Sultan AlGhadeer, Ali Somily.
INTRODUCTION: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) is one of the most common infections worldwide. UTIs remain a challenge to the healthcare system because of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study is to report the most common UTI-causative organisms associated with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: a retrospective cross sectional study of 1918 positive urine culture samples of both gender collected over 9 months (May 2015 to February 2016) from a major tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: the median age of individuals involved in the study was 43 years, with males constituting 27.7% only of the population. Among cases deemed complicated (81.1%), common causes were diabetes, pregnancy, and immunocompromization, comprising 24.7%, 11.9%, and 10.8%, respectively. Escherichia coli (52%) was the most common uropathogen, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (15%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8%) Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B streptococcus) (7%), and Enterococcus faecalis (5%). Overall sensitivity studies showed the most highly resistant uropathogen was Escherichia coli (60%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4%) Enterococcus faecalis (3%), and Enterobacter cloacae (2%). Concerning the first defense antibiotics prescribed for UTI, E. coli was most frequently resistant to Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (47%) followed by ciprofloxacin (34%). K. pneumoniae was most frequently resistant to Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (35%) followed by cefuroxime (30%), while P. aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin (13%). CONCLUSION: Because of a high level of antimicrobial resistance amongst uropathogens in Saudi Arabia, the development of regional and national UTI guidelines is recommended. Copyright (c) 2018 Wael H Mancy, Bander Balkhi, Sultan AlGhadeer, Ali Somily.
Entities:
Keywords:
Saudi Arabia; antimicrobial resistance; urinary tract infection; uropathogen