Dosimetric impact of soft-tissue based intrafraction motion from 3D cine-MR in prostate SBRT.

To investigate the dosimetric impact of intrafraction translation and rotation motion of the prostate, as extracted from daily acquired post-treatment 3D cine-MR based on soft-tissue contrast, in extremely hypofractionated (SBRT) prostate patients. Accurate dose reconstruction is performed by using a prostate intrafraction motion trace which is obtained with a soft-tissue based rigid registration method on 3D cine-MR dynamics with a temporal resolution of 11 s. The recorded motion of each time-point was applied to the planning CT, resulting in the respective dynamic volume used for dose calculation. For each treatment fraction, the treatment delivery record was generated by proportionally splitting the plan into 11 s intervals based on the delivered monitor units. For each fraction the doses of all partial plan/dynamic volume combinations were calculated and were summed to lead to the motion-affected fraction dose. Finally, for each patient the five fraction doses were summed, yielding the total treatment dose. Both daily and total doses were compared to the original reference dose of the respective patient to assess the impact of the intrafraction motion. Depending on the underlying motion of the prostate, different types of motion-affected dose distributions were observed. The planning target volumes (PTVs) ensured CTV_30 (seminal vesicles) D99% coverage for all patients, CTV_35 (prostate corpus) coverage for 97% of the patients and GTV_50 (local boost) for 83% of the patients when compared against the strict planning target D99% value. The dosimetric impact due to prostate intrafraction motion in extremely hypofractionated treatments was determined. The presented study is an essential step towards establishing the actual delivered dose to the patient during radiotherapy fractions.