Otto A Smiseth1, Katsuji Inoue2. 1. Department of Cardiology, Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 2. Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension & Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa 791-0295, Ehime, Japan.