Danira Bažadona1, Ivan Fabek1, Mirjana Babić Leko1, Mihaela Bobić Rasonja1, Dubravka Kalinić2, Ervina Bilić3, Jakov Domagoj Raguž4, Ninoslav Mimica2, Fran Borovečki3, Patrick R Hof5, Goran Šimić6. 1. Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb, Croatia. 2. Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče, University of Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb, Croatia. 3. Department of Neurology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia. 4. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Bethlem Royal Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. 5. Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, and Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA. 6. Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: gsimic@hiim.hr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is a need for highly sensitive and specific tests and biomarkers that would allow preclinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), which would also enable timely intervention. NEW METHOD: We have developed a new system (ALZENTIA) to help detect early MCI, mainly caused by AD. The system is based on a hidden-goal task (HGT) in which the human subject has to find a target that is not visible; as such, the navigation is based on a previously memorized target position, in relation to the starting position (egocentric variant) and/or other navigational landmarks (allocentric variant of the task). We present our preliminary results obtained in 33 patients with MCI and 91 healthy controls (HC). RESULTS AND COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS: Between-group differences in the average error measured in allocentric, egocentric, and combined allocentric-egocentric subtests were statistically significant in MCI compared to HC. The high negative predictive values suggested high discriminative capacity and diagnostic potential for the HGT test as a tool to detect subjects in healthy population who will progress to MCI. Considering the low sensitivity of the Mini-Mental Status Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment tests, we believe that HGT can improve early identification of MCI patients who will progress to AD. CONCLUSION: The HGT carried out with the ALZENTIA system proved to be a reliable screening test to identify individuals with MCI from an aging cohort.
BACKGROUND: There is a need for highly sensitive and specific tests and biomarkers that would allow preclinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), which would also enable timely intervention. NEW METHOD: We have developed a new system (ALZENTIA) to help detect early MCI, mainly caused by AD. The system is based on a hidden-goal task (HGT) in which the human subject has to find a target that is not visible; as such, the navigation is based on a previously memorized target position, in relation to the starting position (egocentric variant) and/or other navigational landmarks (allocentric variant of the task). We present our preliminary results obtained in 33 patients with MCI and 91 healthy controls (HC). RESULTS AND COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS: Between-group differences in the average error measured in allocentric, egocentric, and combined allocentric-egocentric subtests were statistically significant in MCI compared to HC. The high negative predictive values suggested high discriminative capacity and diagnostic potential for the HGT test as a tool to detect subjects in healthy population who will progress to MCI. Considering the low sensitivity of the Mini-Mental Status Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment tests, we believe that HGT can improve early identification of MCI patients who will progress to AD. CONCLUSION: The HGT carried out with the ALZENTIA system proved to be a reliable screening test to identify individuals with MCI from an aging cohort.
Authors: Guy M McKhann; David S Knopman; Howard Chertkow; Bradley T Hyman; Clifford R Jack; Claudia H Kawas; William E Klunk; Walter J Koroshetz; Jennifer J Manly; Richard Mayeux; Richard C Mohs; John C Morris; Martin N Rossor; Philip Scheltens; Maria C Carrillo; Bill Thies; Sandra Weintraub; Creighton H Phelps Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2011-04-21 Impact factor: 21.566
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Authors: Perminder S Sachdev; Darren M Lipnicki; Nicole A Kochan; John D Crawford; Anbupalam Thalamuthu; Gavin Andrews; Carol Brayne; Fiona E Matthews; Blossom C M Stephan; Richard B Lipton; Mindy J Katz; Karen Ritchie; Isabelle Carrière; Marie-Laure Ancelin; Linda C W Lam; Candy H Y Wong; Ada W T Fung; Antonio Guaita; Roberta Vaccaro; Annalisa Davin; Mary Ganguli; Hiroko Dodge; Tiffany Hughes; Kaarin J Anstey; Nicolas Cherbuin; Peter Butterworth; Tze Pin Ng; Qi Gao; Simone Reppermund; Henry Brodaty; Nicole Schupf; Jennifer Manly; Yaakov Stern; Antonio Lobo; Raúl Lopez-Anton; Javier Santabárbara Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-11-05 Impact factor: 3.240