Idoia Labayen1, Francisco B Ortega2,3, Esther Ubago-Guisado4,5, Luis Gracia-Marco2,6, María Medrano1, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez2, Lide Arenaza1, Jairo H Migueles2, Jose Mora-Gonzalez2, Ignacio Tobalina7, Maria Victoria Escolano-Margarit8, Maddi Oses1, Miguel Martín-Matillas2. 1. Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, Pamplona, Spain. 2. PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. 3. Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. 4. PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. estherug@ugr.es. 5. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain. estherug@ugr.es. 6. Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. 7. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Araba (HUA), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. 8. Department of Pediatrics, San Cecilio Hospital, Granada, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine whether areal bone mineral density (aBMD) differs between metabolically healthy (MHO) and unhealthy (MUO) overweight/obese children and to examine the role of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in this association. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was developed in 188 overweight/obese children (10.4 ± 1.2 years) from the ActiveBrains and EFIGRO studies. Participants were classified as MHO or MUO based on Jolliffe and Janssen's metabolic syndrome cut-off points for triglycerides, glucose, high-density cholesterol and blood pressure. MVPA and CRF were assessed by accelerometry and the 20-m shuttle run test, respectively. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: In model 1 (adjusted for sex, years from peak high velocity, stature and lean mass), MHO children had significantly higher aBMD in total body less head (Cohen's d effect size, ES = 0.34), trunk (ES = 0.43) and pelvis (ES = 0.33) than MUO children. These differences were attenuated once MVPA was added to model 1 (model 2), and most of them disappeared once CRF was added to the model 1 (model 3). CONCLUSIONS: This novel research shows that MHO children have greater aBMD than their MUO peers. Furthermore, both MVPA and more importantly CRF seem to partially explain these findings.
OBJECTIVES: To examine whether areal bone mineral density (aBMD) differs between metabolically healthy (MHO) and unhealthy (MUO) overweight/obesechildren and to examine the role of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in this association. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was developed in 188 overweight/obesechildren (10.4 ± 1.2 years) from the ActiveBrains and EFIGRO studies. Participants were classified as MHO or MUO based on Jolliffe and Janssen's metabolic syndrome cut-off points for triglycerides, glucose, high-density cholesterol and blood pressure. MVPA and CRF were assessed by accelerometry and the 20-m shuttle run test, respectively. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: In model 1 (adjusted for sex, years from peak high velocity, stature and lean mass), MHO children had significantly higher aBMD in total body less head (Cohen's d effect size, ES = 0.34), trunk (ES = 0.43) and pelvis (ES = 0.33) than MUOchildren. These differences were attenuated once MVPA was added to model 1 (model 2), and most of them disappeared once CRF was added to the model 1 (model 3). CONCLUSIONS: This novel research shows that MHO children have greater aBMD than their MUO peers. Furthermore, both MVPA and more importantly CRF seem to partially explain these findings.
Authors: Abel Plaza-Florido; Signe Altmäe; Francisco J Esteban; Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez; Concepción M Aguilera; Elisabet Einarsdottir; Shintaro Katayama; Kaarel Krjutškov; Juha Kere; Frank Zaldivar; Shlomit Radom-Aizik; Francisco B Ortega Journal: Pediatr Res Date: 2020-11-23 Impact factor: 3.756