Francisca de Castro Mendes1,2, Inês Paciência1,2,3, João Cavaleiro Rufo2, Diana Silva1,4, Pedro Cunha5, Mariana Farraia2, Luís Delgado1,4, Vanessa Garcia-Larsen6, Milton Severo2,7, André Moreira1,2,4,5, Pedro Moreira2,5. 1. The Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 2. The EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 3. The Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management (INEGI), Porto, Portugal. 4. The Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal. 5. The Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 6. The Program in Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. 7. The Departamento de Epidemiologia Clínica, Medicina Preditiva e Saúde Pública da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Inhalation of fine particulate matter (PM) can cause systematic inflammation and oxidative stress, which may further aggravate the development and progression of asthma. Although nutritional intake of fatty acids and antioxidants may attenuate some effects of fine PM, the role of the inflammatory potential of diet has not been addressed. Therefore, we aimed to investigate possible modulatory effects of dietary inflammatory potential on the association between indoor air pollution and childhood asthma-related outcomes. METHODS: In a sample of 501 children (48.1% females, aged 7-12 years) from 20 public schools located in Porto, Portugal, we evaluated airway reversibility, exhaled nitric oxide levels, atopy, and current respiratory symptoms. Dietary inflammatory index was calculated based on information collected through a reported 24-hour recall questionnaire, and participants were categorized as having an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory diet. Concentrations of indoor PM2.5 and PM10 were measured to assess indoor air quality. Generalized linear mixed models were used to investigate the proportion of effects explained by the exposure to PM2.5 and PM10. RESULTS: After adjustment, the exposure effect of PM2.5 and PM10 levels on children with asthma was higher for those having a pro-inflammatory diet (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.01-2.21; and OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03-1.68, respectively) compared to those having an anti-inflammatory diet. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the quality of diet might affect the association between indoor pollution and asthma in children, highlighting the relevance of children's diet as a potential protective factor to pollutant exposure in childhood asthma.
BACKGROUND: Inhalation of fine particulate matter (PM) can cause systematic inflammation and oxidative stress, which may further aggravate the development and progression of asthma. Although nutritional intake of fatty acids and antioxidants may attenuate some effects of fine PM, the role of the inflammatory potential of diet has not been addressed. Therefore, we aimed to investigate possible modulatory effects of dietary inflammatory potential on the association between indoor air pollution and childhood asthma-related outcomes. METHODS: In a sample of 501 children (48.1% females, aged 7-12 years) from 20 public schools located in Porto, Portugal, we evaluated airway reversibility, exhaled nitric oxide levels, atopy, and current respiratory symptoms. Dietary inflammatory index was calculated based on information collected through a reported 24-hour recall questionnaire, and participants were categorized as having an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory diet. Concentrations of indoor PM2.5 and PM10 were measured to assess indoor air quality. Generalized linear mixed models were used to investigate the proportion of effects explained by the exposure to PM2.5 and PM10. RESULTS: After adjustment, the exposure effect of PM2.5 and PM10 levels on children with asthma was higher for those having a pro-inflammatory diet (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.01-2.21; and OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03-1.68, respectively) compared to those having an anti-inflammatory diet. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the quality of diet might affect the association between indoor pollution and asthma in children, highlighting the relevance of children's diet as a potential protective factor to pollutant exposure in childhood asthma.
Authors: Annabelle Bédard; Zhen Li; Wassila Ait-Hadad; Carlos A Camargo; Bénédicte Leynaert; Christophe Pison; Orianne Dumas; Raphaëlle Varraso Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-03-15 Impact factor: 3.390