Identifying common genome-wide risk genes for major psychiatric traits.

Major psychiatric traits are genetically inter-correlated with one another, but it not well known which genes play pleiotropic effects across different traits. We curated and compared genes identified from large-scale genome-wide association studies for seven psychiatric traits, including depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and neuroticism. We then explored biological functions of the top pleiotropic genes. A total of 243 cross-trait genes were identified for the seven traits. Except for autism spectrum disorder, there was significant enrichment of overlapped genes across these psychiatric traits. Chromosome 5q14.3, 11q23.2, and 7p22.3 are the three genomic regions conferring highest pleiotropic effects for these psychiatric traits. The long non-coding gene LINC00461 showed the highest pleiotropic effects on five psychiatric traits. In silico and functional studies with mice support the vital role of LINC00461 in neurodevelopment. In sum, our study provides insights into the shared genetic liability among major psychiatric traits.