Young-Rock Hong1, Jinhai Huo2, Raj Desai2, Michelle Cardel3, Ashish A Deshmukh4. 1. Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, FL, USA. Electronic address: youngrock.h@phhp.ufl.edu. 2. Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, FL, USA. 3. Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, University of Florida, FL, USA. 4. Department of Management, Policy and Community Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a significant risk factor of several cancers that imposes a substantial economic burden on US healthcare that remains to be quantified. We estimated the excess costs and economic burden of obesity-related cancers in the United States. METHODS: From the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2008-2015) data, we identified 19 405 cancer survivors and 175 498 non-cancer individuals. We estimated annual health expenditures using generalized linear regression with log link and gamma distribution by cancer types (stratified by 11 obesity-related cancers and other cancer types), controlling for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. All cost estimates were adjusted to 2015 USD value. RESULTS: The average annual total health expenditures were $21 503 (95% CI, $20 946-$22 061) for those with obesity-related cancer and $13 120 (95% CI, $12 920-$13 319) for those with other cancer types. There was a positive association between body mass index and health expenditures among cancer survivors: for each additional 5-unit increase in body mass index, the average predicted expenditures increase by $1503 among those with obesity-related cancer and by $722 among those with other cancers. With adjustments for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the mean incremental expenditures of treating obesity-related cancer were 2.1 times higher than those of other cancers ($4492 vs $2139) and more considerable among the non-elderly cancer population. Obesity-related cancers accounted for nearly 43.5% of total direct cancer care expenditures, estimated at $35.9 billion in 2015. CONCLUSION: The economic burden of obesity-related cancer in the United States is substantial. Our findings suggest a need for the inclusion of comprehensive obesity prevention and treatment in cancer care.
BACKGROUND:Obesity is a significant risk factor of several cancers that imposes a substantial economic burden on US healthcare that remains to be quantified. We estimated the excess costs and economic burden of obesity-related cancers in the United States. METHODS: From the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2008-2015) data, we identified 19 405 cancer survivors and 175 498 non-cancer individuals. We estimated annual health expenditures using generalized linear regression with log link and gamma distribution by cancer types (stratified by 11 obesity-related cancers and other cancer types), controlling for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. All cost estimates were adjusted to 2015 USD value. RESULTS: The average annual total health expenditures were $21 503 (95% CI, $20 946-$22 061) for those with obesity-related cancer and $13 120 (95% CI, $12 920-$13 319) for those with other cancer types. There was a positive association between body mass index and health expenditures among cancer survivors: for each additional 5-unit increase in body mass index, the average predicted expenditures increase by $1503 among those with obesity-related cancer and by $722 among those with other cancers. With adjustments for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the mean incremental expenditures of treating obesity-related cancer were 2.1 times higher than those of other cancers ($4492 vs $2139) and more considerable among the non-elderly cancer population. Obesity-related cancers accounted for nearly 43.5% of total direct cancer care expenditures, estimated at $35.9 billion in 2015. CONCLUSION: The economic burden of obesity-related cancer in the United States is substantial. Our findings suggest a need for the inclusion of comprehensive obesity prevention and treatment in cancer care.
Authors: Béatrice Lauby-Secretan; Chiara Scoccianti; Dana Loomis; Yann Grosse; Franca Bianchini; Kurt Straif Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2016-08-25 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Christina E Bailey; Chung-Yuan Hu; Y Nancy You; Brian K Bednarski; Miguel A Rodriguez-Bigas; John M Skibber; Scott B Cantor; George J Chang Journal: JAMA Surg Date: 2015-01 Impact factor: 14.766
Authors: Ashish A Deshmukh; Hui Zhao; Luisa Franzini; David R Lairson; Elizabeth Y Chiao; Prajnan Das; Michael D Swartz; Sharon H Giordano; Scott B Cantor Journal: Am J Clin Oncol Date: 2018-02 Impact factor: 2.339
Authors: John A Harris; Elena Byhoff; Chithra R Perumalswami; Kenneth M Langa; Alexi A Wright; Jennifer J Griggs Journal: Ann Intern Med Date: 2017-02-07 Impact factor: 25.391
Authors: Ashkan Afshin; Mohammad H Forouzanfar; Marissa B Reitsma; Patrick Sur; Kara Estep; Alex Lee; Laurie Marczak; Ali H Mokdad; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Mohsen Naghavi; Joseph S Salama; Theo Vos; Kalkidan H Abate; Cristiana Abbafati; Muktar B Ahmed; Ziyad Al-Aly; Ala’a Alkerwi; Rajaa Al-Raddadi; Azmeraw T Amare; Alemayehu Amberbir; Adeladza K Amegah; Erfan Amini; Stephen M Amrock; Ranjit M Anjana; Johan Ärnlöv; Hamid Asayesh; Amitava Banerjee; Aleksandra Barac; Estifanos Baye; Derrick A Bennett; Addisu S Beyene; Sibhatu Biadgilign; Stan Biryukov; Espen Bjertness; Dube J Boneya; Ismael Campos-Nonato; Juan J Carrero; Pedro Cecilio; Kelly Cercy; Liliana G Ciobanu; Leslie Cornaby; Solomon A Damtew; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Samath D Dharmaratne; Bruce B Duncan; Babak Eshrati; Alireza Esteghamati; Valery L Feigin; João C Fernandes; Thomas Fürst; Tsegaye T Gebrehiwot; Audra Gold; Philimon N Gona; Atsushi Goto; Tesfa D Habtewold; Kokeb T Hadush; Nima Hafezi-Nejad; Simon I Hay; Masako Horino; Farhad Islami; Ritul Kamal; Amir Kasaeian; Srinivasa V Katikireddi; Andre P Kengne; Chandrasekharan N Kesavachandran; Yousef S Khader; Young-Ho Khang; Jagdish Khubchandani; Daniel Kim; Yun J Kim; Yohannes Kinfu; Soewarta Kosen; Tiffany Ku; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; G Anil Kumar; Heidi J Larson; Mall Leinsalu; Xiaofeng Liang; Stephen S Lim; Patrick Liu; Alan D Lopez; Rafael Lozano; Azeem Majeed; Reza Malekzadeh; Deborah C Malta; Mohsen Mazidi; Colm McAlinden; Stephen T McGarvey; Desalegn T Mengistu; George A Mensah; Gert B M Mensink; Haftay B Mezgebe; Erkin M Mirrakhimov; Ulrich O Mueller; Jean J Noubiap; Carla M Obermeyer; Felix A Ogbo; Mayowa O Owolabi; George C Patton; Farshad Pourmalek; Mostafa Qorbani; Anwar Rafay; Rajesh K Rai; Chhabi L Ranabhat; Nikolas Reinig; Saeid Safiri; Joshua A Salomon; Juan R Sanabria; Itamar S Santos; Benn Sartorius; Monika Sawhney; Josef Schmidhuber; Aletta E Schutte; Maria I Schmidt; Sadaf G Sepanlou; Moretza Shamsizadeh; Sara Sheikhbahaei; Min-Jeong Shin; Rahman Shiri; Ivy Shiue; Hirbo S Roba; Diego A S Silva; Jonathan I Silverberg; Jasvinder A Singh; Saverio Stranges; Soumya Swaminathan; Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos; Fentaw Tadese; Bemnet A Tedla; Balewgizie S Tegegne; Abdullah S Terkawi; J S Thakur; Marcello Tonelli; Roman Topor-Madry; Stefanos Tyrovolas; Kingsley N Ukwaja; Olalekan A Uthman; Masoud Vaezghasemi; Tommi Vasankari; Vasiliy V Vlassov; Stein E Vollset; Elisabete Weiderpass; Andrea Werdecker; Joshua Wesana; Ronny Westerman; Yuichiro Yano; Naohiro Yonemoto; Gerald Yonga; Zoubida Zaidi; Zerihun M Zenebe; Ben Zipkin; Christopher J L Murray Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2017-06-12 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Lars Børty; Rasmus F Brøndum; Heidi S Christensen; Charles Vesteghem; Marianne Severinsen; Søren P Johnsen; Lars H Ehlers; Ursula Falkmer; Laurids Ø Poulsen; Martin Bøgsted Journal: Eur J Health Econ Date: 2022-08-26
Authors: Phuong Bich Tran; Joseph Kazibwe; Georgios F Nikolaidis; Ismo Linnosmaa; Mieke Rijken; Josefien van Olmen Journal: BMC Med Date: 2022-07-19 Impact factor: 11.150
Authors: Leandro F M Rezende; Thainá Alves Malhão; Rafael da Silva Barbosa; Arthur Orlando Correa Schilithz; Ronaldo Corrêa Ferreira da Silva; Luciana Grucci Maya Moreira; Paula Aballo Nunes Machado; Bruna Pitasi Arguelhes; Maria Eduarda Leão Diogenes Melo Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2022-06-21 Impact factor: 4.135
Authors: Eleonora Feletto; Ankur Kohar; David Mizrahi; Paul Grogan; Julia Steinberg; Clare Hughes; Wendy L Watson; Karen Canfell; Xue Qin Yu Journal: Lancet Reg Health West Pac Date: 2022-09-06