Ewelina Cichoń1, Andrzej Kiejna2, Andrzej Kokoszka3, Tomasz Gondek4, Beata Rajba2, Cathy E Lloyd5, Norman Sartorius6. 1. Department of Psychology, WSB University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology Research Unit for Public Health, University of Lower Silesia, Wroclaw, Poland. Electronic address: ewelina.cichon@dsw.edu.pl. 2. Department of Psychology, WSB University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology Research Unit for Public Health, University of Lower Silesia, Wroclaw, Poland. 3. II Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. 4. Specialty Training Section, Polish Psychiatric Association, Poland; Section on Education, World Psychiatric Association, Switzerland. 5. Faculty of Wellbeing, Education and Language Studies, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK. 6. Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes (AMH), Geneva, Switzerland.
Abstract
AIMS: The aim of this study was to validate and report the factorial analysis of the World Health Organization's 5-item Well-being Index (WHO-5) among outpatients with type 2 diabetes. We investigated the psychometric properties of the WHO-5 and its suitability for identifying potential depressive symptoms in Polish adults with diabetes. METHODS: Participants were randomly chosen among Polish diabetes outpatients and invited to participate in the cross-sectional study (N = 216). Participants completed the Polish version of the WHO-5, Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire. RESULTS: Factor analyses identified the one-factor structure of the Polish version of the WHO-5. The internal consistency of the Polish version of the WHO-5 is satisfying. With regard to convergent validity, there were significant negative associations between the WHO-5 and PAID, the PHQ-9, HbA1c and the amount of medical complications. The AUC indicates that the WHO-5 is an effective measure for identifying depressive symptoms. The optimal cut off values of ≤12 yielded the best sensitivity/specificity trade-off for identifying depression among people with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: The Polish version of the WHO-5 is a reliable, valid outcome measure for outpatients with type 2 diabetes and can be a useful instrument for screening for depression in people with diabetes.
AIMS: The aim of this study was to validate and report the factorial analysis of the World Health Organization's 5-item Well-being Index (WHO-5) among outpatients with type 2 diabetes. We investigated the psychometric properties of the WHO-5 and its suitability for identifying potential depressive symptoms in Polish adults with diabetes. METHODS:Participants were randomly chosen among Polish diabetes outpatients and invited to participate in the cross-sectional study (N = 216). Participants completed the Polish version of the WHO-5, Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire. RESULTS: Factor analyses identified the one-factor structure of the Polish version of the WHO-5. The internal consistency of the Polish version of the WHO-5 is satisfying. With regard to convergent validity, there were significant negative associations between the WHO-5 and PAID, the PHQ-9, HbA1c and the amount of medical complications. The AUC indicates that the WHO-5 is an effective measure for identifying depressive symptoms. The optimal cut off values of ≤12 yielded the best sensitivity/specificity trade-off for identifying depression among people with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: The Polish version of the WHO-5 is a reliable, valid outcome measure for outpatients with type 2 diabetes and can be a useful instrument for screening for depression in people with diabetes.
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Authors: Ewelina Cichoń; Andrzej Kiejna; Tomasz M Gondek; Marcin Obrębski; Edyta Sutkowska; Cathy E Lloyd; Norman Sartorius; Andrzej Kokoszka Journal: Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes Date: 2021-11-02 Impact factor: 3.168
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