Electrocatalytic Oxidative Transformation of Organic Acids for Carbon-Heteroatom and Sulfur-Heteroatom Bond Formation.

The electrolysis of organic acids has garnered increasing attention in recent years. In addition to the famous electrochemical decarboxylation known as Kolbe electrolysis, a number of other electrochemical processes have been recently established that allow for the construction of carbon-heteroatom and sulfur-heteroatom bonds from organic acids. Herein, recent advances in electrochemical C-X and S-X (X=N, O, S, Se) bond-forming reactions from five classes of organic acids and their conjugate bases, namely, carboxylic, thiocarboxylic, phosphonic, sulfinic, and sulfonic acids, are surveyed.