Asta Tvarijonaviciute1, Nuria Martinez-Lozano2, Rafael Rios3, Maria C Marcilla de Teruel4, Marta Garaulet5, Jose J Cerón6. 1. Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: asta@um.es. 2. Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: nuria_coy@hotmail.es. 3. Health Area of Lorca, Lorca, Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: rrdemoya@yahoo.es. 4. Health Area of Lorca, Lorca, Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: mcarmen_marcilla@hotmail.com. 5. Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: garaulet@um.es. 6. Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. Electronic address: jjceron@um.es.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Epidemiological studies in school-age children are challenging, particularly those that aim to analyse metabolic markers on blood samples obtained via invasive and stressful procedures. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the use of saliva, as a non-invasive tool in epidemiological studies performed in school-age children, to capture metabolic changes associated with body mass index (BMI), dietary characteristics and physical activity in both boys and girls. METHODS: This is an observational study in which healthy children of ages between 8 and 12 years (n = 129, 60 girls and 69 boys) from three schools in a Mediterranean area of Spain were included. A panel of biomarkers was measured in serum and saliva and correlated with BMI, dietary characteristics and physical activity. RESULTS: Significant positive correlation between serum and salivary levels were detected for CRP (r = 0.770) in all included children, and boys (r = 0.805) and girls (r = 0.775) separately (P < 0.001, in all cases) and for insulin in girls (r = 0.442; P < 0.05). Among all studied salivary biomarkers, insulin was significantly correlated with the three factors studied: positively with BMI and negatively with dietary characteristics (intake and composition) and physical activity (P < 0.05). Obesity and diet composition were both positively associated to pro-inflammatory biomarkers, CRP and IL1b; while diet composition shared with physical activity levels the correlation with IL6 (positive with energy, fat, carbohydrate and saturated fatty acid intake, and negative with cholesterol intake and average physical activity in boys), NGF and glucose (in both cases correlations were negative with diet composition and physical activity variables) (P < 0.05, in all cases). Sex differences were detected in serum glucose and TNFα. CONCLUSIONS: Biomarkers in saliva are able to capture differences in BMI, dietary characteristics and physical activity levels in school-age children. Saliva may potentially constitute a useful non-invasive and stress-free tool to evaluate metabolic markers of inflammation and/or metabolism related to BMI and lifestyle in a sex-dependent manner.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Epidemiological studies in school-age children are challenging, particularly those that aim to analyse metabolic markers on blood samples obtained via invasive and stressful procedures. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the use of saliva, as a non-invasive tool in epidemiological studies performed in school-age children, to capture metabolic changes associated with body mass index (BMI), dietary characteristics and physical activity in both boys and girls. METHODS: This is an observational study in which healthy children of ages between 8 and 12 years (n = 129, 60 girls and 69 boys) from three schools in a Mediterranean area of Spain were included. A panel of biomarkers was measured in serum and saliva and correlated with BMI, dietary characteristics and physical activity. RESULTS: Significant positive correlation between serum and salivary levels were detected for CRP (r = 0.770) in all included children, and boys (r = 0.805) and girls (r = 0.775) separately (P < 0.001, in all cases) and for insulin in girls (r = 0.442; P < 0.05). Among all studied salivary biomarkers, insulin was significantly correlated with the three factors studied: positively with BMI and negatively with dietary characteristics (intake and composition) and physical activity (P < 0.05). Obesity and diet composition were both positively associated to pro-inflammatory biomarkers, CRP and IL1b; while diet composition shared with physical activity levels the correlation with IL6 (positive with energy, fat, carbohydrate and saturated fatty acid intake, and negative with cholesterol intake and average physical activity in boys), NGF and glucose (in both cases correlations were negative with diet composition and physical activity variables) (P < 0.05, in all cases). Sex differences were detected in serum glucose and TNFα. CONCLUSIONS: Biomarkers in saliva are able to capture differences in BMI, dietary characteristics and physical activity levels in school-age children. Saliva may potentially constitute a useful non-invasive and stress-free tool to evaluate metabolic markers of inflammation and/or metabolism related to BMI and lifestyle in a sex-dependent manner.
Authors: Kirstin Clephane; Julia I O'Loughlin; Tamara S Bodnar; M Claire Wilson; Jordan Tb Stariha; Amber N Craig; Joanne Weinberg; Lori A Brotto; Tierney K Lorenz Journal: J Sex Med Date: 2022-03-13 Impact factor: 3.937
Authors: Elsa Lamy; Camila P Rubio; Laura Carreira; Fernando Capela E Silva; Silvia Martinez-Subiela; Fernando Tecles; Pia Lopez-Jornet; Jose J Ceron; Asta Tvarijonaviciute Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2022-06-08 Impact factor: 4.996
Authors: Jose J Ceron; Elsa Lamy; Silvia Martinez-Subiela; Pia Lopez-Jornet; Fernando Capela E Silva; Peter David Eckersall; Asta Tvarijonaviciute Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2020-05-15 Impact factor: 4.241
Authors: Jingyi Qian; Nuria Martinez-Lozano; Asta Tvarijonaviciute; Rafael Rios; Frank A J L Scheer; Marta Garaulet Journal: Sleep Date: 2021-05-14 Impact factor: 5.849